감다

Korean

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈka̠(ː)mt͈a̠]
  • Phonetic hangul: [감(ː)따]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gamda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gamda
McCune–Reischauer?kamta
Yale Romanization?kāmqta

Etymology 1

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆷ〮다〮 (Yale: kóm-tá).

This verb is connected to a wide range of ideophones; see more on ᄀᆞᆷᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: komcok).

Verb
Korean verb set
Base 감다 (gamda)
Causative감기다 (gamgida)
Passive감기다 (gamgida)

감다 • (gamda) (infinitive 감아, sequential 감으니)

  1. (transitive) to close one's eyes
    Antonym: 뜨다 (tteuda, “to open one's eyes”)
    눈을 감다 ― nun-eul gamda ― to close one's eyes
Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 감다 (gamda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 감는다
gamneunda		 감아
gama		 감아요
gamayo		 감습니다
gamseumnida
Past 감았다
gamatda		 감았어
gamasseo		 감았어요
gamasseoyo		 감았습니다
gamatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 감느냐
gamneunya		 감아
gama		 감아요
gamayo		 감습니까
gamseumnikka
Past 감았느냐
gamanneunya		 감았어
gamasseo		 감았어요
gamasseoyo		 감았습니까
gamatseumnikka
Hortative 감자
gamja		감아
gama		감아요
gamayo		감으십시다
gameusipsida
Imperative 감아라
gamara		감아
gama		감아요
gamayo		감읍시오
gameupsio
Assertive 감겠다
gamgetda		감겠어
gamgesseo		감겠어요
gamgesseoyo		감겠습니다
gamgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 감아
gama		감아서
gamaseo		감으니
gameuni		감으니까
gameunikka
Contrast 감지만
gamjiman		감는데
gamneunde		감더니
gamdeoni
Conjunction 감고
gamgo
Condition 감으면
gameumyeon		감아야
gamaya
Motive 감으려고
gameuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 감음
gameum		감기
gamgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 감았음
gamasseum		감았기
gamatgi
Determiners Past 감은
gameun
Present 감는
gamneun
Future 감을
gameul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 감으신다
gameusinda		 감으셔
gameusyeo		 감으세요, 감으셔요
gameuseyo, gameusyeoyo		 감으십니다
gameusimnida
Past 감으셨다
gameusyeotda		 감으셨어
gameusyeosseo		 감으셨어요
gameusyeosseoyo		 감으셨습니다
gameusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 감으시느냐
gameusineunya		 감으셔
gameusyeo		 감으세요, 감으셔요
gameuseyo, gameusyeoyo		 감으십니까
gameusimnikka
Past 감으셨느냐
gameusyeonneunya		 감으셨어
gameusyeosseo		 감으셨어요
gameusyeosseoyo		 감으셨습니까
gameusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 감으시라
gameusira		감으셔
gameusyeo		감으세요
gameuseyo		감으십시오
gameusipsio
Assertive 감으시겠다
gameusigetda		감으시겠어
gameusigesseo		감으시겠어요
gameusigesseoyo		감으시겠습니다
gameusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 감으셔
gameusyeo		감으셔서
gameusyeoseo		감으시니
gameusini		감으시니까
gameusinikka
Contrast 감으시지만
gameusijiman		감으시는데
gameusineunde		감으시더니
gameusideoni
Conjunction 감으시고
gameusigo
Condition 감으시면
gameusimyeon		감으셔야
gameusyeoya
Motive 감으시려고
gameusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 감으심
gameusim		감으시기
gameusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 감으셨음
gameusyeosseum		감으셨기
gameusyeotgi
Determiners Past 감으신
gameusin
Present 감으시는
gameusineun
Future 감으실
gameusil
Sound-symbolic terms related to 감다 (gamda, “to close one's eyes”)
Yang-vowel form
Yin-vowel form
Middle Korean: ᄀᆞᆷᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: komcok)
Middle Korean: 금즉 (Yale: kumcuk)
깜작 (kkamjak)
깜작깜작 (kkamjakkkamjak)		깜짝 (kkamjjak)
깜짝깜짝 (kkamjjakkkamjjak)		끔적 (kkeumjeok)
끔적끔적 (kkeumjeokkkeumjeok)		끔쩍 (kkeumjjeok)
끔쩍끔쩍 (kkeumjjeokkkeumjjeok)
깜박 (kkambak)
깜박깜박 (kkambakkkambak)		깜빡 (kkamppak)
깜빡깜빡 (kkamppakkkamppak)		껌벅 (kkeombeok)
껌벅껌벅 (kkeombeokkkeombeok)		껌뻑 (kkeomppeok)
껌뻑껌뻑 (kkeomppeokkkeomppeok)
끔벅 (kkeumbeok)
끔벅끔벅 (kkeumbeokkkeumbeok)		끔뻑 (kkeumppeok)
끔뻑끔뻑 (kkeumppeokkkeumppeok)
깜찍하다 (kkamjjikhada)끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikhada)
끔찍끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikkkeumjjikhada)
곰작 (gomjak)
곰작곰작 (gomjakgomjak)		꼼작 (kkomjak)
꼼작꼼작 (kkomjakkkomjak)		꼼짝 (kkomjjak)
꼼짝꼼짝 (kkomjjakkkomjjak)		굼적 (gumjeok)
굼적굼적 (gumjeokgumjeok)		꿈적 (kkumjeok)
꿈적꿈적 (kkumjeokkkumjeok)		꿈쩍 (kkumjjeok)
꿈쩍꿈쩍 (kkumjjeokkkumjjeok)

Etymology 2

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆷ〮다〮 (Yale: kóm-tá).

Verb
Korean verb set
Base 감다 (gamda)
Causative감기다 (gamgida)

감다 • (gamda) (infinitive 감아, sequential 감으니)

  1. (transitive) to wash hair
    머리를 감다 ― meori-reul gamda ― to wash (one's) hair
Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 감다 (gamda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 감는다
gamneunda		 감아
gama		 감아요
gamayo		 감습니다
gamseumnida
Past 감았다
gamatda		 감았어
gamasseo		 감았어요
gamasseoyo		 감았습니다
gamatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 감느냐
gamneunya		 감아
gama		 감아요
gamayo		 감습니까
gamseumnikka
Past 감았느냐
gamanneunya		 감았어
gamasseo		 감았어요
gamasseoyo		 감았습니까
gamatseumnikka
Hortative 감자
gamja		감아
gama		감아요
gamayo		감으십시다
gameusipsida
Imperative 감아라
gamara		감아
gama		감아요
gamayo		감읍시오
gameupsio
Assertive 감겠다
gamgetda		감겠어
gamgesseo		감겠어요
gamgesseoyo		감겠습니다
gamgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 감아
gama		감아서
gamaseo		감으니
gameuni		감으니까
gameunikka
Contrast 감지만
gamjiman		감는데
gamneunde		감더니
gamdeoni
Conjunction 감고
gamgo
Condition 감으면
gameumyeon		감아야
gamaya
Motive 감으려고
gameuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 감음
gameum		감기
gamgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 감았음
gamasseum		감았기
gamatgi
Determiners Past 감은
gameun
Present 감는
gamneun
Future 감을
gameul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 감으신다
gameusinda		 감으셔
gameusyeo		 감으세요, 감으셔요
gameuseyo, gameusyeoyo		 감으십니다
gameusimnida
Past 감으셨다
gameusyeotda		 감으셨어
gameusyeosseo		 감으셨어요
gameusyeosseoyo		 감으셨습니다
gameusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 감으시느냐
gameusineunya		 감으셔
gameusyeo		 감으세요, 감으셔요
gameuseyo, gameusyeoyo		 감으십니까
gameusimnikka
Past 감으셨느냐
gameusyeonneunya		 감으셨어
gameusyeosseo		 감으셨어요
gameusyeosseoyo		 감으셨습니까
gameusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 감으시라
gameusira		감으셔
gameusyeo		감으세요
gameuseyo		감으십시오
gameusipsio
Assertive 감으시겠다
gameusigetda		감으시겠어
gameusigesseo		감으시겠어요
gameusigesseoyo		감으시겠습니다
gameusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 감으셔
gameusyeo		감으셔서
gameusyeoseo		감으시니
gameusini		감으시니까
gameusinikka
Contrast 감으시지만
gameusijiman		감으시는데
gameusineunde		감으시더니
gameusideoni
Conjunction 감으시고
gameusigo
Condition 감으시면
gameusimyeon		감으셔야
gameusyeoya
Motive 감으시려고
gameusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 감으심
gameusim		감으시기
gameusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 감으셨음
gameusyeosseum		감으셨기
gameusyeotgi
Determiners Past 감으신
gameusin
Present 감으시는
gameusineun
Future 감으실
gameusil

Etymology 3

First attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 감〯다〮 (Yale: kǎm-tá).

Verb
Korean verb set
Base 감다 (gamda)
Causative감기다 (gamgida)
Passive감기다 (gamgida)

감다 • (gamda) (infinitive 감아, sequential 감으니)

  1. (transitive) to wind around, to coil
    상처에 붕대를 감다 ― sangcheo-e bungdae-reul gamda ― to wrap a bandage around a wound
Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 감다 (gamda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 감는다
gamneunda		 감아
gama		 감아요
gamayo		 감습니다
gamseumnida
Past 감았다
gamatda		 감았어
gamasseo		 감았어요
gamasseoyo		 감았습니다
gamatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 감느냐
gamneunya		 감아
gama		 감아요
gamayo		 감습니까
gamseumnikka
Past 감았느냐
gamanneunya		 감았어
gamasseo		 감았어요
gamasseoyo		 감았습니까
gamatseumnikka
Hortative 감자
gamja		감아
gama		감아요
gamayo		감으십시다
gameusipsida
Imperative 감아라
gamara		감아
gama		감아요
gamayo		감읍시오
gameupsio
Assertive 감겠다
gamgetda		감겠어
gamgesseo		감겠어요
gamgesseoyo		감겠습니다
gamgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 감아
gama		감아서
gamaseo		감으니
gameuni		감으니까
gameunikka
Contrast 감지만
gamjiman		감는데
gamneunde		감더니
gamdeoni
Conjunction 감고
gamgo
Condition 감으면
gameumyeon		감아야
gamaya
Motive 감으려고
gameuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 감음
gameum		감기
gamgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 감았음
gamasseum		감았기
gamatgi
Determiners Past 감은
gameun
Present 감는
gamneun
Future 감을
gameul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 감으신다
gameusinda		 감으셔
gameusyeo		 감으세요, 감으셔요
gameuseyo, gameusyeoyo		 감으십니다
gameusimnida
Past 감으셨다
gameusyeotda		 감으셨어
gameusyeosseo		 감으셨어요
gameusyeosseoyo		 감으셨습니다
gameusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 감으시느냐
gameusineunya		 감으셔
gameusyeo		 감으세요, 감으셔요
gameuseyo, gameusyeoyo		 감으십니까
gameusimnikka
Past 감으셨느냐
gameusyeonneunya		 감으셨어
gameusyeosseo		 감으셨어요
gameusyeosseoyo		 감으셨습니까
gameusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 감으시라
gameusira		감으셔
gameusyeo		감으세요
gameuseyo		감으십시오
gameusipsio
Assertive 감으시겠다
gameusigetda		감으시겠어
gameusigesseo		감으시겠어요
gameusigesseoyo		감으시겠습니다
gameusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 감으셔
gameusyeo		감으셔서
gameusyeoseo		감으시니
gameusini		감으시니까
gameusinikka
Contrast 감으시지만
gameusijiman		감으시는데
gameusineunde		감으시더니
gameusideoni
Conjunction 감으시고
gameusigo
Condition 감으시면
gameusimyeon		감으셔야
gameusyeoya
Motive 감으시려고
gameusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 감으심
gameusim		감으시기
gameusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 감으셨음
gameusyeosseum		감으셨기
gameusyeotgi
Determiners Past 감으신
gameusin
Present 감으시는
gameusineun
Future 감으실
gameusil
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