赤縣

Chinese

		red; scarlet; bare red; scarlet; bare; naked	a district; county
trad. (赤縣)		赤	縣
simp. (赤县)		赤	县

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Chìxiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄔˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Chìxiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄔˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Chìhsiàn
  - Wade–Giles: Chʻih⁴-hsien⁴
  - Yale: Chr̀-syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chyhshiann
  - Palladius: Чисянь (Čisjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: tsyhek hwenH

Rime
Character	赤	縣
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	昌石切	黃練切
Baxter	tsyhek	hwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/	/ɦwen^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/	/ɦʷen^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/	/ɣuɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰiajk̚/	/ɦwɛn^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/	/ɣuen^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/	/ɣiwen^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/	/ɣiwen^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chi	xuàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cik¹	jyun⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[t-qʰ](r)Ak Cə.[ɡ]ʷˤe[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰljaɡ ɡʷeːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	赤	縣
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chì	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhek ›	‹ hwen^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[t-qʰ](r)Ak/	/*Cə.[ɡ]ʷˁe[n]-s/
English	red	district
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	赤	縣
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	1477	13578
Phonetic component	赤	縣
Rime group	鐸	元
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	尺
Old Chinese	/*kʰljaɡ/	/*ɡʷeːns/

Proper noun

赤縣

Short for 赤縣神州／赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu, “China”).

Synonyms

中 (abbreviation)
中原 (Zhōngyuán)
中國／中国 (Zhōngguó)
中華／中华 (Zhōnghuá)
九州 (Jiǔzhōu)
唐山 (Tángshān)
域中 (yùzhōng) (literary, figurative)
天下 (tiānxià) (lofty)
天朝 (Tiāncháo) (historical or Internet slang)
支那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete, now usually derogatory or offensive)
桃花石 (Táohuāshí) (obsolete)
猜拿 (cāiná) (transliteration of English China)
神州 (Shénzhōu) (literary)
種花家／种花家 (Zhònghuājiā) (slang, humorous)
脂那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete)
至那 (Zhìnà) (obsolete)
華／华 (abbreviation)
華夏／华夏 (Huáxià)
諸夏／诸夏 (Zhūxià)
諸華／诸华 (Zhūhuá)
赤縣／赤县 (Chìxiàn) (literary)
赤縣神州／赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu) (literary)
震旦 (Zhèndàn) (archaic)

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