橙

橙 U+6A59, 橙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A59
← 橘
[U+6A58] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 橚 →
[U+6A5A]

Translingual

Han character

橙 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木弓人廿 (DNOT), four-corner 42918, composition ⿰木登)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 553, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15552
  • Dae Jaweon: page 942, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1297, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6A59

Chinese

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (登) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
登 *tɯːŋ
璒 *tɯːŋ
燈 *tɯːŋ
簦 *tɯːŋ
蹬 *tɯːŋ, *dɯːŋs
磴 *tɯːŋ, *tɯːŋs, *tʰɯːŋ
鐙 *tɯːŋ, *tɯːŋs
嶝 *tɯːŋs
隥 *tɯːŋs
橙 *tɯːŋs, *rdɯːŋ
凳 *tɯːŋs
墱 *tɯːŋs
鼟 *tʰɯːŋ
膯 *tʰɯːŋ
澄 *dɯːŋs, *dɯŋ, *rdɯŋ
鄧 *dɯːŋs
僜 *dɯːŋs, *tʰɯŋ
覴 *tʰɯŋs
瞪 *dɯŋ, *dɯŋs, *rdɯːŋ
憕 *dɯŋ, *rdɯŋ, *rdɯːŋ
撜 *tjɯŋʔ
證 *tjɯŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tɯːŋs, *rdɯːŋ) : semantic 木 (“tree; wood”) + phonetic 登 (OC *tɯːŋ).

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 橙
alternative forms 棖／枨

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chhiâm/chhiâng - vernacular;
  • têng - literary.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 6zan; 6zen
        • MiniDict: zan去; zen去
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3zan; 3zen
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zã²³/, /zən²³/
    Note: 3zan - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 橙
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴⁵/
/t͡sʰəŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /tʃʰəŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /təŋ³¹²/
/ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰən²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰən³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰen²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰən²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zəŋ²³/
Suzhou /zən¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zen²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zeŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sən¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡zən¹²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰaŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰaŋ³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰaŋ³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰaŋ³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tiŋ³⁵/
/t͡sʰiam³⁵/
/t͡sʰiaŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tɛiŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰaŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /seŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 橙
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 耕 (117)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 宅耕切
Baxter dreang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖˠɛŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖᵚæŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡɐŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖəɨjŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ȡɛŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ȡæŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱæŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chéng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 cang4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 橙
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chéng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ drɛng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[d]ˁrəŋ/
English citrus tree (Shuōwén)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 橙
Reading # 2/2
No. 2200
Phonetic
component		 登
Rime
group		 蒸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 橙
Old
Chinese		 /*rdɯːŋ/

Definitions

橙

  1. orange (the tree)
  2. orange (the fruit) (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 楷 c)
  3. orange (the color)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 橙子 (“orange”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Mandarin Beijing 橙子
Taiwan 柳丁, 柳橙
Harbin 橙子
Xining 橙子
Ürümqi 橙子
Chengdu 橙子, 廣柑, 廣柑兒
Guilin 橙子
Pingle 橙子
Liuzhou 橙子
Luzhai 橙子, 橙子果
Nanning (Wuming) 橙果, 橙子
Yizhou 橙子
Xuzhou 橙子
Yangzhou 橙子
Nanjing 橙子, 甜橙
Malaysia 橙
Singapore 橙
Mae Salong (Lancang) 黃果
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 黃果
Cantonese Guangzhou 橙
Hong Kong 橙
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 橙
Macau 橙
Guangzhou (Panyu) 橙
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 橙仔
Guangzhou (Conghua) 橙
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 橙
Foshan 橙
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 橙
Foshan (Shunde) 橙
Foshan (Sanshui) 橙
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 橙
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 橙
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 橙
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 橙
Zhuhai (Doumen) 橙
Jiangmen (Baisha) 橙
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 橙
Taishan 橙
Kaiping (Chikan) 橙
Enping (Niujiang) 橙
Heshan (Yayao) 橙果
Dongguan 橙
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 橙
Beihai 橙
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 橙子
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 橙子
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 橙, 橙果, 橙子
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 橙
Penang (Guangfu) 橙
Singapore (Guangfu) 橙
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 橙
Móng Cái 橙
Gan Pingxiang 廣柑
Hakka Meixian 橙仔
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 橙
Dongguan (Qingxi) 橙
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 橙仔
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 橙
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 橙, 大桔
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 橙
Conghua (Lütian) 橙
Hong Kong 橙仔
Senai (Huiyang) 橙
Jin Taiyuan 橙子
Northern Min Jian'ou 橙
Southern Min Xiamen 橙
Quanzhou 橙
Zhangzhou 橙
New Taipei (Sanxia) 柳丁
Kaohsiung 柳丁
Yilan 柳丁
Changhua (Lukang) 柳丁
Taichung 柳丁
Taichung (Wuqi) 柳丁
Tainan 柳丁
Taitung 柳丁
Hsinchu 柳丁
Kinmen 橙
Penghu (Magong) 柳丁
Singapore (Hokkien) 橙
Manila (Hokkien) 橙
Guilin (Biyange) 橙子
Shantou 橙
Bangkok (Teochew) 橙
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 橙
Haikou 橙
Puxian Min Xianyou 嗍柑
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 橙
Sanxiang 橙
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 橙
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Yangjia) 橙子柑
Wu Shanghai 甜橙, 橙子
Suzhou 橙子
Danyang 橙
Hangzhou 橙子
Wenzhou 甜橙
Xiang Changsha 甜橙, 廣橘
Dialectal synonyms of 橙 (“orange (colour adjective)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 橙, 橙黃, 橘黃, 橘紅
Mandarin Taiwan 橘黃, 橘紅
Jinan 橘紅
Luoyang 橘黃, 橘紅
Wanrong 橘紅
Yinchuan 橘黃, 橘紅
Xuzhou 橘黃
Yangzhou 橘黃
Nanjing 橘黃, 橘紅
Cantonese Guangzhou 金魚黃
Hong Kong 橙
Dongguan 橙
Hakka Meixian 金黃, 金紅
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 淰黃
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 淰黃
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 淰黃
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 柑黃
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 淰黃
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 金黃
Jin Taiyuan 橘紅, 橘黃
Southern Min Xiamen 金黃, 橘黃
Penang (Hokkien) 柑
Manila (Hokkien) 橙
Shantou 金黃, 橘紅
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 橘黃
Wu Shanghai 橘黃, 橘紅, 橙黃
Shanghai (Chongming) 橘黃
Hangzhou 橘黃, 橘紅
Ningbo 橘黃, 橘紅
Wenzhou 橘黃

Compounds

Descendants
  • → Thai: เช้ง (chéng)
  • → Vietnamese: chanh

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 橙 – see 凳 (“bench, stool; chair”).
(This character is a variant form of 凳).

Japanese

Alternative forms
Kanji in this term
橙
だいだい
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
  • (bitter orange): 臭橙, 回青橙

Kanji
橙

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. bitter orange

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology

Thought to be derived from 代代 (daidai, “many generations”), from the way bitter orange fruits never fall down, even in winter, until picked.[1][2]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) だいだ​い [dàídáꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])[2]
  • IPA(key): [da̠ida̠i]

Noun

橙(だいだい) or 橙(ダイダイ) • (daidai) 

  1. the bitter orange, Citrus × aurantium
    Synonym: 橙橘 (tōkitsu)
    Hypernym: 蜜柑 (mikan)
    Hyponyms: 枸櫞 (kabuchi), 臭橙 (kabusu)
  2. (by extension) Short for 橙色 (daidai-iro): the color orange

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 橙(ダイダイ)磯海綿(イソカイメン) (daidai isokaimen)
  • 橙(だいだい)色(いろ) (daidai-iro)
  • 橙(だいだい)酢(ず) (daidai-zu)
  • 橙(ダイダイ)橘(タチバナ) (daidai-tachibana)
  • 夏(ナツ)橙(ダイダイ) (natsudaidai)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

橙 • (deung, jeung) (hangeul 등, 증)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

橙: Hán Nôm readings: chanh, tranh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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