徹

See also: 彻
徹 U+5FB9, 徹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FB9
← 徸
[U+5FB8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 徺 →
[U+5FBA]

Translingual

Han character

徹 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+11 in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 彳+12 in Chinese (mainland China, Hong Kong), Japanese and Korean, 14 strokes in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 15 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 竹人卜月大 (HOYBK), four-corner 28240, composition ⿲彳育攵)

Derived characters

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 371, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10245
  • Dae Jaweon: page 698, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 844, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5FB9

Chinese
trad. 徹
simp. 彻*
alternative forms 澈
撤

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (徹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
徹 *tʰed
撤 *tʰed, *ded
澈 *ded
轍 *ded

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 彳 + 育 (“pot”) + 攵 (“hand”) – originally a hand breaking a pot.

Pot figure similar to earlier forms of 鬲, replaced/simplified in large seal script to 育 (earlier 㐬) – a child with head down, and hair/lines going down.

Etymology

The r-causative of 逝 (OC *ɦljeds) (Schuessler, 2007).

Cognate with 撤 (OC *tʰed, *ded, “to take away”), 滯 (OC *dads, “to discard; to leave over; to accumulate”) and perhaps 適 (OC *tjeɡ, “to go”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • thiat - literary;
  • theh - vernacular.
    Note:
    • tiêg4 - Chaozhou;
    • tiag4 - Shantou.
    Rime
    Character 徹 徹
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 澄 (11) 徹 (10)
    Final (韻) 薛 (83) 薛 (83)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) III III
    Fanqie 直列切 丑列切
    Baxter drjet trhjet
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang    		 /ɖˠiᴇt̚/ /ʈʰˠiᴇt̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun    		 /ɖᵚiɛt̚/ /ʈʰᵚiɛt̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen    		 /ȡiæt̚/ /ȶʰiæt̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank    		 /ɖiat̚/ /ʈʰiat̚/
    Li
    Rong    		 /ȡjɛt̚/ /ȶʰjɛt̚/
    Wang
    Li    		 /ȡĭɛt̚/ /ȶʰĭɛt̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren    		 /ȡʱi̯ɛt̚/ /ȶʰi̯ɛt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex    		 zhé che
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex    		 zit6 cit3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 徹 徹 徹 徹
    Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)    		 chè chè chè chè
    Middle
    Chinese    		 ‹ drjet › ‹ drjet › ‹ trhjet › ‹ trhjet ›
    Old
    Chinese    		 /*m-[tʰ]ret/ /*m-tʰret/ /*tʰret/ /*tʰret/
    English penetrate divide land acc. to a certain share system divide land acc. to a certain share system penetrate

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 徹
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1319
    Phonetic
    component    		 徹
    Rime
    group    		 月
    Rime
    subdivision    		 2
    Corresponding
    MC rime    		 屮
    Old
    Chinese    		 /*tʰed/

    Definitions

    徹

    1. to penetrate; to pierce; to pervade
    2. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 徹 (MC trhjet)
    3. Alternative form of 澈 (chè, “clear”)
    4. Alternative form of 撤 (chè, “to remove”)

    Compounds

    Japanese

    Kanji
    徹

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. penetrate

    Readings
    • Go-on: てち (techi)
    • Kan-on: てつ (tetsu, Jōyō)
    • Kun: とおる (tōru, 徹る)

    Etymology 1
    Kanji in this term
    徹
    てつ > てっ
    Grade: S
    kan’on

    Pronunciation
    • IPA(key): [te̞ʔ]

    Verb

    徹(てっ)する • (te' suru) suru (stem 徹(てっ)し (te' shi), past 徹(てっ)した (te' shita))

    1. to penetrate
    2. to dedicate oneself
    Conjugation
    Conjugation of "徹する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
    Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
    Mizenkei ("imperfective") 徹し てっし te' shi
    Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 徹し てっし te' shi
    Shūshikei ("terminal") 徹する てっする te' suru
    Rentaikei ("attributive") 徹する てっする te' suru
    Kateikei ("hypothetical") 徹すれ てっすれ te' sure
    Meireikei ("imperative") 徹せよ¹
    徹しろ²    		 てっせよ¹
    てっしろ²    		 te' seyo¹
    te' shiro²
    Key constructions
    Passive 徹される てっされる te' sareru
    Causative 徹させる
    徹さす    		 てっさせる
    てっさす    		 te' saseru
    te' sasu
    Potential 徹できる てっできる te' dekiru
    Volitional 徹しよう てっしよう te' shiyō
    Negative 徹しない てっしない te' shinai
    Negative continuative 徹せず てっせず te' sezu
    Formal 徹します てっします te' shimasu
    Perfective 徹した てっした te' shita
    Conjunctive 徹して てっして te' shite
    Hypothetical conditional 徹すれば てっすれば te' sureba
    ¹ Written imperative

    ² Spoken imperative

    Proper noun

    徹(あきら) or 徹(とおる) • (Akira or Tōru) 

    1. a male given name

    Korean

    Hanja

    徹 (eum 철 (cheol))

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    Vietnamese

    Han character

    徹: Hán Nôm readings: triệt, trẹt, trê, trệt, trịt, trít, xẹt

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