尖

尖	U+5C16, 尖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C16

← 尕
[U+5C15]

CJK Unified Ideographs

尗 →
[U+5C17]

Translingual

Han character

尖 (Kangxi radical 42, 小+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火大 (FK), four-corner 9043₀, composition ⿱⿻丨八大(GTV) or ⿱小大(HJK))

Derived characters

𢬅𣑷𡮸𡭻𢙭𠟥𡮽尜𰃘𥭍

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 297, character 2

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7480

Dae Jaweon: page 591, character 4

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 562, character 9

Unihan data for U+5C16

Chinese

simp. and trad.		尖
alternative forms		鋟／锓鑯／𰿈

Glyph origin

小 (“small”) + 大 (“large”) – the width of an object gradually changing from small to large.

Etymology

Schuessler (2007) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjam (“iron”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jian¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): zim¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chiâm
Jin (Wiktionary): jie¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chiam

(Teochew, Peng'im): ziam¹ / ziang¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹ci
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zienn¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jian
  - Wade–Giles: chien¹
  - Yale: jyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (尖兒／尖儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiānr
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jianr
  - Wade–Giles: chien¹-ʼrh
  - Yale: jyānr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jial
  - Palladius: цзяньр (czjanʹr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jian¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zim¹
  - Yale: jīm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzim¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jim¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiâm
  - Hakka Romanization System: jiam´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: jiam¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯am²⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jie¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕie¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiam
  - Tâi-lô: tsiam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciafm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siam³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siam⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziam¹ / ziang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiam / tsiang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siam³³/, /t͡siaŋ³³/

Note:

ziam1 - Chaozhou;
ziang1 - Chenghai.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹ci
  - MiniDict: ci^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ji
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zienn¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡si̯ẽ³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi̯ẽ³³/

Middle Chinese: tsjem

Rime
Character	尖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	子廉切
Baxter	tsjem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siᴇm/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɛm/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjæm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡siam/
Li Rong	/t͡siɛm/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭɛm/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ɛm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zim¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔslem/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	尖
Reading #	1/1
No.	5977
Phonetic component	尖
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	尖
Old Chinese	/*ʔslem/
Notes	鑯之後起字

Definitions

尖

sharp; having a sharp tip; pointy
Antonym: 鈍／钝 (dùn)
acute
shrewd
point; tip
筆尖／笔尖 ― bǐjiān ― tip of a pen
(card games) ace

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 尖兒 (“ace (playing cards)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Mandarin	Beijing	尖兒, 叉, 老叉
	Xi'an	尖子
	Wuhan	尖子, 尖, 耶司
	Guiyang	尖, 尖尖, 帽
	Liuzhou	煙洗, 煙
	Xuzhou	老幺, 老帽兒, 尖子
	Nanjing	愛斯
Cantonese	Guangzhou	煙士, 煙
	Hong Kong	煙士, 煙
	Taishan	一士
	Wuzhou	煙
	Yulin	煙
Gan	Nanchang	尖
	Pengze	尖
	Lichuan	尖子
	Pingxiang	尖子, 尖
Hakka	Meixian	煙仔
Hakka	Yudu	尖子
Huizhou	Jixi	尖子, 尖心
Jin	Taiyuan	幺尖兒
Southern Min	Xiamen	A
Southern Min	Shantou	幺, 一
Wu	Shanghai	愛斯
	Shanghai (Chongming)	愛斯
	Suzhou	A, 愛斯

Compounds

上尖兒／上尖儿
三尖八角
三尖瓣 (sānjiānbàn)
二尖瓣 (èrjiānbàn)
供尖
冒尖 (màojiān)
出尖
嘴尖 (zuǐjiān)
嘴尖舌巧
嘴尖舌薄
大尖山
大霸尖山
小尖 (Xiǎojiān)
尖俏
尖元音
尖兒／尖儿 (jiānr)
尖兵 (jiānbīng)
尖冷
尖刀
尖利 (jiānlì)
尖刻 (jiānkè)
尖削
尖厲／尖厉 (jiānlì)
尖叫 (jiānjiào)
尖嘯／尖啸
尖嘴猴腮 (jiānzuǐhóusāi)
尖嘴薄舌
尖嘴鉗／尖嘴钳 (jiānzuǐqián)
尖團／尖团 (jiāntuán)
尖團字／尖团字
尖團音／尖团音 (jiāntuányīn)
尖子 (jiānzi)
尖尖 (jiānjiān)
尖尖趫趫／尖尖𰷶𰷶
尖山 (Jiānshān)
尖峰 (jiānfēng)
尖峭
尖峰時間／尖峰时间
尖沙咀 (Jiānshāzuǐ)
尖溜溜
尖石 (Jiānshí)
尖站
尖端 (jiānduān)
尖端放電／尖端放电
尖端科技
尖米丸
尖細／尖细
尖聲／尖声
尖聲尖氣／尖声尖气
尖脆
尖臍／尖脐
尖裂葉／尖裂叶
尖話／尖话
尖貨／尖货
尖酸 (jiānsuān)
尖酸刻薄 (jiānsuānkèbó)
尖銳／尖锐 (jiānruì)
尖銳化／尖锐化 (jiānruìhuà)
尖音
尖頂／尖顶 (jiāndǐng)
尖頭／尖头
尖頭鰻／尖头鳗 (jiāntóumán)
尖餅／尖饼
尖鹿 (Jiānlù)
尖齊圓健／尖齐圆健
打午尖
打尖 (dǎjiān)
抓尖兒／抓尖儿
抓尖要強／抓尖要强
拔尖 (bájiān)
指尖 (zhǐjiān)
掐尖兒／掐尖儿
掐尖落鈔／掐尖落钞
方尖塔
早尖
毛尖 (máojiān)
毛尖茶
爪尖兒／爪尖儿
牛角尖 (niújiǎojiān)
眉尖
眉尖眼尾
眼尖 (yǎnjiān)
筍尖／笋尖
美人尖 (měirénjiān)
耳尖
耳朵尖
臀尖
舌尖 (shéjiān)
舌尖元音
舌尖前音 (shéjiānqiányīn)
舌尖後音／舌尖后音
舌尖邊音／舌尖边音
舌尖音 (shéjiānyīn)
舌尖鼻音
葉尖／叶尖
蛇龍尖／蛇龙尖 (Shélóngjiān)
針尖兒／针尖儿 (zhēnjiānr)
鑽牛角尖／钻牛角尖 (zuān niújiǎojiān)
霹靂尖／霹雳尖
頂尖／顶尖 (dǐngjiān)
頂尖好手／顶尖好手
鼻尖 (bíjiān)

References

“尖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

尖

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: せん (sen)^{←せむ (semu, historical)}
Kan-on: せん (sen)^{←せむ (semu, historical)}
Kun: とがる (togaru, 尖る); するどい (surudoi, 尖い)

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰʌ̹m]
Phonetic hangul: [첨]

Hanja

Wikisource 尖 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

尖: Hán Nôm readings: tiêm

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