爪
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Alternative forms
- 爫 – when used as a top radical
Han character
爪 (Kangxi radical 87, 爪+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹中人 (HLO), four-corner 72230, composition ⿸𠂆⿰丨乀)
- Kangxi radical #87, ⽖.
Derived terms
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 688, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19653
- Dae Jaweon: page 1101, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2030, character 1
- Unihan data for U+722A
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 爪 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (爪) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – a hand grabbing from above (in earlier forms from side); compare 手, 寸, 九.
Pronunciation
Definitions
爪
Usage notes
- 爪 (zhuǎ) ― paws or claws of vertebrates, except for humans, bears, ducks, geese and swans
- 鉗／钳 (qián) ― claws of arthropods (crabs, clawed lobsters, scorpions, etc.)
- 掌 (zhǎng) ― hands, paws or claws of humans (only in compounds), bears, ducks, geese or swans
- 手 (shǒu) ― hands or hooves of humans or swine (only for culinary swine hooves)
- 蹄 (tí) ― hooves
Synonyms
- (claw):
Dialectal synonyms of 爪子 (“claw; paw”) [map]
Compounds
- 一鱗一爪／一鳞一爪
- 一鱗半爪／一鳞半爪 (yīlínbànzhǎo)
- 八爪魚／八爪鱼 (bāzhuǎyú)
- 冰爪
- 展爪
- 張牙舞爪／张牙舞爪 (zhāngyáwǔzhǎo)
- 心膂爪牙
- 手爪 (shǒuzhuǎ)
- 探爪兒／探爪儿
- 握拳透爪
- 東鱗西爪／东鳞西爪 (dōnglínxīzhuǎ)
- 熊爪
- 熱爪哇／热爪哇 (rèzhǎowā)
- 爪兒／爪儿
- 爪印
- 爪哇 (zhǎowā)
- 爪哇人 (zhǎowārén)
- 爪哇國／爪哇国 (Zhǎowāguó)
- 爪哇島／爪哇岛
- 爪哇族
- 爪塔
- 爪士
- 爪子 (zhǎozi)
- 爪字頭／爪字头 (zhǎozìtóu)
- 爪尋／爪寻
- 爪尖兒／爪尖儿
- 爪枯
- 爪牙 (zhǎoyá)
- 爪牙之士
- 爪牙之將／爪牙之将
- 爪牙吏
- 爪牙官
- 爪甲
- 爪甲點金／爪甲点金
- 爪痕
- 爪老
- 爪袖
- 爪角
- 爪蹄類／爪蹄类
- 爪章
- 片鱗半爪／片鳞半爪
- 牙爪
- 犬牙鷹爪／犬牙鹰爪
- 狗爪子
- 祿山之爪／禄山之爪
- 繫爪／系爪
- 能牙利爪 (néngyálìzhǎo)
- 舞爪張牙／舞爪张牙
- 虎爪拳
- 虎爪豆
- 通眉長爪／通眉长爪
- 鉤爪／钩爪
- 鉤爪鋸牙／钩爪锯牙
- 鋸牙鉤爪／锯牙钩爪
- 雞爪／鸡爪
- 雞爪釘／鸡爪钉
- 雪泥鴻爪／雪泥鸿爪
- 飛爪／飞爪
- 飛鴻雪爪／飞鸿雪爪
- 魔爪 (mózhǎo)
- 鱗爪／鳞爪 (línzhǎo)
- 鱉爪／鳖爪
- 鳥爪／鸟爪
- 鳳爪／凤爪 (fèngzhǎo)
- 鴻爪／鸿爪
- 鵰心雁爪／雕心雁爪
- 鷹爪／鹰爪
- 鷹爪功／鹰爪功
- 鷹爪毛兒／鹰爪毛儿
- 龍爪／龙爪
- 龍爪書／龙爪书
- 龍爪槐／龙爪槐
Pronunciation
Definitions
爪
- (Southern Min) to claw; to scratch (with one's claw or nail)
- (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) Classifier for claw or scratch mark.
References
- “爪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 爪 |
| つめ Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Proto-Japonic *tumay. The standalone form of tsuma below.[1]
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 爪 |
| つま Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. The root form of tsume above, generally only used in compounds. Cognate with 端 (tsuma, “edge, side of something”) and 妻 (tsuma, “wife”, original sense of “spouse”).[1]
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 爪音 (tsumaoto, “the sound of a stringed instrument when plucked with a pick or plectrum; the sound of a horse's hoofbeat”)
- 爪弾く (tsumabiku, “to pluck with one's fingernail, such as a stringed instrument”)
- 爪折る (tsumaoru, “to pick or break something off with one's fingernails”)
- 爪隠, 爪隠し (tsumakakushi, “hiding one's claws; a kind of zōri grass sandal, where the front end extends and folds over the tops of the toes”)
- 爪先 (tsumasaki, “tiptoe”)
- 摘まむ (tsumamu, “to pinch; to pick at; to pick something up with the tips of one's fingers”)
- 摘む (tsumu, “to pick something up with the tips of one's fingers; to snip the tip off of something”)
- 躓く (tsumazuku, “to stumble”)
- 爪楊枝 (tsuma yōji, “a small toothpick”)
References
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Khitan
Etymology
Distantly related with Proto-Mongolic *jaxun (“hundred”), whence Classical Mongolian ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ (ǰaɣun) (> Mongolian зуу (zuu) and Daur jau).
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 爪 (MC tsraewX). Recorded as Middle Korean 조〮 (cwó) (Yale: cwo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Compounds
Compounds
- 가조 (假爪, gajo)
- 유조류 (有爪類, yujoryu)
- 유조동물 (有爪動物, yujodongmul)
Vietnamese
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