ал
Adyghe
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [aːl]
Interjection
ал • (al)
- expresses an order with a touch of threat
- Ал, зэ щыгъэт ― Al, zɛ śəğɛt ― Al!, shut up for a moment.
- Ал, зэ зэӏун ― Al, zɛ zɛʼwun ― Al!, shut up for a moment.
Bashkir
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɑɫ]; izafa form: алды [ɑɫ.ˈdɯ̞]
- Hyphenation: ал (one syllable)
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic *āl (“front”).
Declension
The declension below is given for a bare non-izafa form. Note, however, that this noun is just as often used in the izafa form.
Antonyms
- арт (art, “back, rear”)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Turkic *āl (“a shade of red”).
Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (al, “bright red”); Turkish al (“crimson, dark red”).
Erzya
Etymology
Several hypotheses have been developed about the origin of the word:
1. A derivation from Proto-Mordvinic *alə (“lower”).
2. According to Keresztes, the word comes from Proto-Mordvinic *al, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *olɜ (in which case it would be a doublet of уло (ulo, “chin”)).[1][2]
3. According to Riho Grünthal, from Pre-Mordvinic *(v)ōli, borrowed from Proto-Baltic *(v)ōlā, whence Latvian uolà (“rock; limestone; whetstone”), uolis (“flint”), Lithuanian ōla (“a small round stone; flint, rock; egg”).[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /al/
- Rhymes: -al
- Hyphenation: ал
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ал (al) | алт (alt) |
genitive | алонь (aloń) | — |
dative | алнэнь (alneń) | — |
ablative | алдо (aldo) | — |
inessive | алсо (also) | — |
elative | алсто (alsto) | — |
illative | алс (als) | — |
prolative | алга (alga) | — |
translative | алкс (alks) | — |
comparative | алшка (alška) | — |
abessive | алтомо (altomo) | — |
Derived terms
- ал ашо (al ašo)
- ал тюжа (al ťuža)
References
- Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial, Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.
- Entry #664 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- Riho Grünthal. Baltic loanwords in Mordvin, p. 312-313
Kyrgyz
See also
Mongolian
Etymology
Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *āl (“scarlet”)
Derived terms
- ал улаан (al ulaan, “scarlet”)
- ал шар (al šar, “sorrel, reddish brown”)
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [aɫ]
Audio (file)