sostenir

Catalan

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan sostenir, from Latin sustinēre, with normal change of conjugation to -ir. Compare Occitan sostenir, French soutenir.

Pronunciation

Verb

sostenir (first-person singular present sostinc, first-person singular preterite sostinguí, past participle sostingut); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /e/

  1. (transitive) to sustain, bear, hold up
  2. (transitive) to defend, uphold
  3. (transitive, figurative) to support, back up
  4. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to stand up
  5. (takes a reflexive pronoun, figurative) to remain

Conjugation
    Conjugation of sostenir (third conjugation, without -eix-, irregular, with velar infix)
infinitive sostenir
gerund sostenint
past participle masculine feminine
singular sostingut sostinguda
plural sostinguts sostingudes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present sostinc sostens sosté sostenim sosteniu sostenen
imperfect sostenia sostenies sostenia sosteníem sosteníeu sostenien
future sostindré sostindràs sostindrà sostindrem sostindreu sostindran
preterite sostinguí sostingueres sostingué sostinguérem sostinguéreu sostingueren
conditional sostindria sostindries sostindria sostindríem sostindríeu sostindrien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present sostingui sostinguis sostingui sostinguem sostingueu sostinguin
imperfect sostingués sostinguessis sostingués sostinguéssim sostinguéssiu sostinguessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — sostén, sostingues sostingui sostinguem sosteniu, sostingueu sostinguin
negative (no) — no sostinguis no sostingui no sostinguem no sostingueu no sostinguin

Derived terms

References
  • “sostenir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Old French

Verb

sostenir

  1. Alternative form of soustenir

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem sostien distinct from the unstressed stem sosten, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of sostenir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive sostenir avoir sostenu
gerund en sostenant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle sostenant
past participle sostenu
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present sostieng, sostien sostiens sostient sostenons sostenez sostienent
imperfect sostenoie, sosteneie sostenoies, sosteneies sostenoit, sosteneit sosteniiens, sosteniens sosteniiez, sosteniez sostenoient, sosteneient
preterite sostin sostenis sostint sostenimes sostenistes sostindrent, sostinrent
future sostendrai sostendras sostendra sostendrons sostendroiz, sostendreiz, sostendrez sostendront
conditional sostendroie, sostendreie sostendroies, sostendreies sostendroit, sostendreit sostendriiens, sostendriens sostendriiez, sostendriez sostendroient, sostendreient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present sostiegne sostiegnes sostiegne sostiegniens, sostiegnons sostiegniez sostiegnent
imperfect sostenisse sostenisses sostenist sostenissons, sostenissiens sostenissoiz, sostenissez, sostenissiez sostenissent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— sostien — sostenons sostenez —
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