seisma
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *saistak, from Proto-Uralic *sańśa-. Finnic cognates include Finnish seistä and Võro saisma/saistaq.
Verb
seisma (da-infinitive seista)
Conjugation
Conjugation of seisma (ÕS type 32/seisma, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | seisan | ei seisa | 1st sing. | olen seisnud | ei ole seisnud pole seisnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | seisad | 2nd sing. | oled seisnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | seisab | 3rd sing. | on seisnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | seisame | 1st plur. | oleme seisnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | seisate | 2nd plur. | olete seisnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | seisavad | 3rd plur. | on seisnud | ||||||
| passive | seistakse | ei seista | passive | on seistud | ei ole seistud pole seistud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | seisin | ei seisnud | 1st sing. | olin seisnud | ei olnud seisnud polnud seisnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | seisid | 2nd sing. | olid seisnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | seisis | 3rd sing. | oli seisnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | seisime | 1st plur. | olime seisnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | seisite | 2nd plur. | olite seisnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | seisid | 3rd plur. | oli seisnud | ||||||
| passive | seisti | ei seistud | passive | oli seistud | ei olnud seistud polnud seistud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | seisaksin | ei seisaks | 1st sing. | seisnuksin oleksin seisnud |
ei seisnuks ei oleks seisnud poleks seisnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | seisaksid | 2nd sing. | seisnuksid oleksid seisnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | seisaks | 3rd sing. | seisnuks oleks seisnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | seisaksime | 1st plur. | seisnuksime oleksime seisnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | seisaksite | 2nd plur. | seisnuksite oleksite seisnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | seisaksid | 3rd plur. | seisnuksid oleksid seisnud | ||||||
| passive | seistaks | ei seistaks | passive | oleks seistud | ei oleks seistud poleks seistud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | seisa | ära seisa | 2nd sing. | ole seisnud | ära ole seisnud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | seisku | ärgu seisku | 3rd sing. | olgu seisnud | ärgu olgu seisnud | ||||
| 1st plur. | seiskem | ärme seisame ärme seisa ärgem seiskem |
1st plur. | olgem seisnud | ärme oleme seisnud ärme ole seisnud ärgem olgem seisnud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | seiske | ärge seiske | 2nd plur. | olge seisnud | ärge olge seisnud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | seisku | ärgu seisku | 3rd plur. | olgu seisnud | ärgu olgu seisnud | ||||
| passive | seistagu | ärgu seistagu | passive | olgu seistud | ärgu olgu seistud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | seisvat | ei seisvat | active | olevat seisnud | ei olevat seisnud polevat seisnud | ||||
| passive | seistavat | ei seistavat | passive | olevat seistud | ei olevat seistud polevat seistud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | seisma | seistama | nominative | seista | olla seisnud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | seistes | olles seisnud | |||||
| inessive | seismas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | seismast | present | seisev | seistav | |||||
| translative | seismaks | past | seisnud | seistud | |||||
| abessive | seismata | negative | seismatu | — | |||||
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