resfriar

Portuguese

Etymology

From re- (“re-”) +‎ esfriar (“to cool”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁes.fɾiˈa(ʁ)/ [hes.fɾɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁesˈfɾja(ʁ)/ [hesˈfɾja(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁes.fɾiˈa(ɾ)/ [hes.fɾɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁesˈfɾja(ɾ)/ [hesˈfɾja(ɾ)]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁeʃ.fɾiˈa(ʁ)/ [χeʃ.fɾɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁeʃˈfɾja(ʁ)/ [χeʃˈfɾja(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁes.fɾiˈa(ɻ)/ [hes.fɾɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁesˈfɾja(ɻ)/ [hesˈfɾja(ɻ)]
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɨʃ.fɾiˈaɾ/, (faster pronunciation) /ʁɨʃˈfɾjaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɨʃ.fɾiˈa.ɾi/, (faster pronunciation) /ʁɨʃˈfɾja.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: res‧fri‧ar

Verb

resfriar (first-person singular present resfrio, first-person singular preterite resfriei, past participle resfriado)

  1. (transitive) to cool (to make colder)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of resfriar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal resfriar
Personal resfriar resfriares resfriar resfriarmos resfriardes resfriarem
Gerund
resfriando
Past participle
Masculine resfriado resfriados
Feminine resfriada resfriadas
Indicative
Present resfrio resfrias resfria resfriamos resfriais resfriam
Imperfect resfriava resfriavas resfriava resfriávamos resfriáveis resfriavam
Preterite resfriei resfriaste resfriou resfriamos1, resfriámos2 resfriastes resfriaram
Pluperfect resfriara resfriaras resfriara resfriáramos resfriáreis resfriaram
Future resfriarei resfriarás resfriará resfriaremos resfriareis resfriarão
Conditional resfriaria resfriarias resfriaria resfriaríamos resfriaríeis resfriariam
Subjunctive
Present resfrie resfries resfrie resfriemos resfrieis resfriem
Imperfect resfriasse resfriasses resfriasse resfriássemos resfriásseis resfriassem
Future resfriar resfriares resfriar resfriarmos resfriardes resfriarem
Imperative
Affirmative resfria resfrie resfriemos resfriai resfriem
Negative (não) não resfries não resfrie não resfriemos não resfrieis não resfriem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From re- +‎ esfriar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /resˈfɾjaɾ/ [resˈfɾjaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: res‧friar

Verb

resfriar (first-person singular present resfrío, first-person singular preterite resfrié, past participle resfriado)

  1. to cool, chill, grow cold
  2. (reflexive) to catch a cold

Conjugation
    Conjugation of resfriar (i-í alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive resfriar
gerund resfriando
past participle masculine feminine
singular resfriado resfriada
plural resfriados resfriadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present resfrío resfríastú
resfriásvos		 resfría resfriamos resfriáis resfrían
imperfect resfriaba resfriabas resfriaba resfriábamos resfriabais resfriaban
preterite resfrié resfriaste resfrió resfriamos resfriasteis resfriaron
future resfriaré resfriarás resfriará resfriaremos resfriaréis resfriarán
conditional resfriaría resfriarías resfriaría resfriaríamos resfriaríais resfriarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present resfríe resfríestú
resfriésvos2		 resfríe resfriemos resfriéis resfríen
imperfect
(ra)		 resfriara resfriaras resfriara resfriáramos resfriarais resfriaran
imperfect
(se)		 resfriase resfriases resfriase resfriásemos resfriaseis resfriasen
future1 resfriare resfriares resfriare resfriáremos resfriareis resfriaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative resfríatú
resfriávos		 resfríe resfriemos resfriad resfríen
negative no resfríes no resfríe no resfriemos no resfriéis no resfríen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of resfriar (i-í alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive resfriar
dative resfriarme resfriarte resfriarle, resfriarse resfriarnos resfriaros resfriarles, resfriarse
accusative resfriarme resfriarte resfriarlo, resfriarla, resfriarse resfriarnos resfriaros resfriarlos, resfriarlas, resfriarse
with gerund resfriando
dative resfriándome resfriándote resfriándole, resfriándose resfriándonos resfriándoos resfriándoles, resfriándose
accusative resfriándome resfriándote resfriándolo, resfriándola, resfriándose resfriándonos resfriándoos resfriándolos, resfriándolas, resfriándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative resfría
dative resfríame resfríate resfríale resfríanos not used resfríales
accusative resfríame resfríate resfríalo, resfríala resfríanos not used resfríalos, resfríalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative resfriá
dative resfriame resfriate resfriale resfrianos not used resfriales
accusative resfriame resfriate resfrialo, resfriala resfrianos not used resfrialos, resfrialas
with formal second-person singular imperative resfríe
dative resfríeme not used resfríele, resfríese resfríenos not used resfríeles
accusative resfríeme not used resfríelo, resfríela, resfríese resfríenos not used resfríelos, resfríelas
with first-person plural imperative resfriemos
dative not used resfriémoste resfriémosle resfriémonos resfriémoos resfriémosles
accusative not used resfriémoste resfriémoslo, resfriémosla resfriémonos resfriémoos resfriémoslos, resfriémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative resfriad
dative resfriadme not used resfriadle resfriadnos resfriaos resfriadles
accusative resfriadme not used resfriadlo, resfriadla resfriadnos resfriaos resfriadlos, resfriadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative resfríen
dative resfríenme not used resfríenle resfríennos not used resfríenles, resfríense
accusative resfríenme not used resfríenlo, resfríenla resfríennos not used resfríenlos, resfríenlas, resfríense

Further reading
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