peni
Aromanian
Etymology 1
From Latin pānis, pānem. Cognate with Romanian pâine.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpe.ni/
Catalan
Verb
peni
- inflection of penar:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpeni]
- Audio:
(file) - Rhymes: -eni
- Hyphenation: pe‧ni
Verb
peni (present penas, past penis, future penos, conditional penus, volitive penu)
- (intransitive) to endeavour, to make an effort, to try
- 1932, William Sol Benson, Universala esperanto metodo de doktoro Benson, page 107:
- La homo penis kapti la rampobestojn, kiujn li liberigis, sed liaj penoj estis vanaj.
- The person tried to catch the reptile that he freed, but his efforts were in vain.
Conjugation
Conjugation of peni
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Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *peni. Cognate with Finnish peni, Northern Sami beana, Erzya пине (pińe). Compare with Komi-Permyak and Komi-Zyrian пон, Inari Sami peenuv, Udmurt пуны, Eastern Mari пий.
Inflection
Declension of peni (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation) | |||
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singular | plural | ||
nominative | peni | penid | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | peni | ||
genitive | penide | ||
partitive | peni | penisid | |
illative | penni penisse |
penidesse | |
inessive | penis | penides | |
elative | penist | penidest | |
allative | penile | penidele | |
adessive | penil | penidel | |
ablative | penilt | penidelt | |
translative | peniks | penideks | |
terminative | penini | penideni | |
essive | penina | penidena | |
abessive | penita | penideta | |
comitative | peniga | penidega |
Derived terms
- Suur Peni
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *peni, from Proto-Uralic *penä.[1] Cognate with Estonian peni, Northern Sami beana, Erzya пине (pińe).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpeni/, [ˈpe̞ni]
- Rhymes: -eni
- Syllabification(key): pe‧ni
Usage notes
Although no longer used in modern Finnish in its original sense, the word remains a popular dog's name.
Declension
Inflection of peni (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | peni | penit | ||
genitive | penin | penien | ||
partitive | peniä | penejä | ||
illative | peniin | peneihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | peni | penit | ||
accusative | nom. | peni | penit | |
gen. | penin | |||
genitive | penin | penien | ||
partitive | peniä | penejä | ||
inessive | penissä | peneissä | ||
elative | penistä | peneistä | ||
illative | peniin | peneihin | ||
adessive | penillä | peneillä | ||
ablative | peniltä | peneiltä | ||
allative | penille | peneille | ||
essive | peninä | peneinä | ||
translative | peniksi | peneiksi | ||
abessive | penittä | peneittä | ||
instructive | — | penein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of peni (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
References
- Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “peni”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
Further reading
- “peni”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɛ.ni/
- Rhymes: -ɛni
- Hyphenation: pè‧ni
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpe.ni/
- Rhymes: -eni
- Hyphenation: pé‧ni
Verb
peni
- inflection of penare:
- second-person singular present indicative
- first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Anagrams
Latin
Latvian
Middle English
Serbo-Croatian
Swahili
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Noun
peni (ma class, plural mapeni)
- penny (1/240 of a pound sterling or Irish pound)
- (uncommon) 10-cent coin
References
- Mugane, John M. (2015) The Story of Swahili (Africa in World History), Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, →ISBN, page 55: “English terms for currencies, though appearing late in East African trading circles, now dominate in Swahili. These include pauni (pound) and shilingi (shilling, in the colonial currency), peni (coin), and more recently still dola (dollar).”
Volapük
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *peni.
Pronunciation
- (Jõgõperä) IPA(key): /ˈpeni/, [ˈpenʲi]
- Rhymes: -eni
- Hyphenation: pe‧ni
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
- penikoirõ
References
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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