kultura

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cultura.

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Noun

kultura inan

  1. culture
    euskal kulturaBasque culture
  2. refinement, culture

Czech

Etymology

Derived from Latin cultūra (cultivation; culture),[1] from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (till, cultivate, worship) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (to move; to turn (around)).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈkultura]
  • (file)

Noun

kultura f

  1. arts
  2. culture (arts, customs and habits)
  3. (microbiology) culture

Declension

Derived terms

References

  1. "kultura" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007

Further reading

  • kultura in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • kultura in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • kultura in Internetová jazyková příručka

Esperanto

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtura/
  • Hyphenation: kul‧tur‧a
  • Rhymes: -ura

Adjective

kultura (accusative singular kulturan, plural kulturaj, accusative plural kulturajn)

  1. cultural (relating to culture)
  2. cultured (civilized, refined)

Ladino

Etymology

From Latin cultūra (culture) (compare Spanish cultura), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (I till, cultivate).

Noun

kultura f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling קולטורה)

  1. culture
    kultura djudiaJewish culture
  • kultural / kulturalo

Maltese

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian cultura.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtuː.ra/

Noun

kultura f (plural kulturi)

  1. culture
    il-kultura MaltijaMaltese culture

Masurian

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish kultura.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [kulˈtura]
  • Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultura f

  1. culture (level of civilization)
  2. culture (social spiritual and material achievements)
  3. culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)

Further reading

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “kultura”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 3, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 381

Polish

Etymology

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Kultur or French culture, ultimately from Latin cultūra.[1][2][3][4] First attested in 1732.[5]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtu.ra/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /kulˈtu.ra/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ura
  • Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultura f (diminutive kulturka, related adjective kulturowy, abbreviation kult.)

  1. (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
  2. (countable) culture (the beliefs, values, behaviour, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life)
  3. (uncountable) skill level (level of knowledge or ability in a given field)
  4. (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
    Synonyms: obycie, ogłada, okrzesanie
  5. (countable, microbiology) culture (the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity in an artificial medium)
  6. (countable, botany, agriculture) culture (cultivation)
  7. (countable, agriculture) crops grown on a large field
  8. (agriculture) culture (structure of arable soil achieved as a result of agrotechnical treatments and rational management; also: these treatments and farming)

Declension

Derived terms

adjecetive
nouns
adjective
adverb
  • kulturowo
nouns

Descendants

  • Kashubian: kùltura
  • Masurian: kultura
  • Silesian: kultura

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), kultura is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 55 times in news, 130 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 224 times, making it the 246th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[6]

References

  1. Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “kultura”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “kultura”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
  3. Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “kultura”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  4. Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “kultura”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  5. Franciszek Gościecki (1732) Jadwiga Sokołowska, Kazimiera Żukowska, editors, Poeci polskiego Baroku (in Polish), volume 2, published 1965, POSELSTWO WIELKIE JAŚNIE WIELMOŻNEGO STANISŁAWA CHOMENTOWSKIEGO WOJEWODY MAZOWIECKIEGO OD NAJAŚNIEJSZEGO AUGUSTA II, KRÓLA POLSKIEGO, KSIĄŻĘCIA SASKIEGO..., page 461:Większą pilność mają Grecy i cudzoziemcy, którzy tu mieszkają, Koło tego, albowiem jeden nad drugiego Przesadza się w kulturze wirydarza swego.
  6. Ida Kurcz (1990) “kultura”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 208

Further reading

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Latin cultūra.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kultǔːra/
  • Hyphenation: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultúra f (Cyrillic spelling култу́ра)

  1. culture
  2. manners
  3. civility

Declension

References

  • kultura” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Silesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish kultura.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtura/
  • Rhymes: -ura
  • Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultura f

  1. (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
  2. (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)

Declension

Derived terms

nouns
adjective
  • kulturologiczny
adverb
  • kulturologicznie
noun
  • kulturalizm

Further reading

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cultura (culture).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtuɾa/, [kʊlˈtu.ɾɐ]
  • Hyphenation: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun

kultura (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

  1. culture
    Synonym: kalinangan
  2. civilization
    Synonyms: kabihasnan, sibilisasyon
  • kultibado
  • kultibador
  • kultibasyon
  • kulto
  • kultural

See also

References

  • kultura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
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