kantaa
Finnish
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *kantadak, from Proto-Uralic *kanta-.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑntɑːˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝n̪t̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑntɑː
- Syllabification(key): kan‧taa
Verb
kantaa
- (transitive) to carry, bear
- (intransitive) to carry, be carried, reach (e.g. of sound or noise)
- Tytön huuto kantoi kauas.
- The scream of the girl reached far.
- (transitive, usually atelic) to wield
- (transitive) to bear, (can) support
- Jää kantaa jo auton.
- The ice can already support a car.
- (transitive, usually atelic, of clothing) to wear
- (transitive, of a tax) to levy, cess, collect
- (transitive, usually atelic) to bear (produce or yield something, such as fruit or crops)
- (transitive, usually atelic, of an animal) to bear, be pregnant (with)
- (law) to bring, act as a plaintiff
Conjugation
Inflection of kantaa (Kotus type 56*J/kaivaa, nt-nn gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kannan | en kanna | 1st sing. | olen kantanut | en ole kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kannat | et kanna | 2nd sing. | olet kantanut | et ole kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kantaa | ei kanna | 3rd sing. | on kantanut | ei ole kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kannamme | emme kanna | 1st plur. | olemme kantaneet | emme ole kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kannatte | ette kanna | 2nd plur. | olette kantaneet | ette ole kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kantavat | eivät kanna | 3rd plur. | ovat kantaneet | eivät ole kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kannetaan | ei kanneta | passive | on kannettu | ei ole kannettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kannoin | en kantanut | 1st sing. | olin kantanut | en ollut kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kannoit | et kantanut | 2nd sing. | olit kantanut | et ollut kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kantoi | ei kantanut | 3rd sing. | oli kantanut | ei ollut kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kannoimme | emme kantaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kantaneet | emme olleet kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kannoitte | ette kantaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kantaneet | ette olleet kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kantoivat | eivät kantaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kantaneet | eivät olleet kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kannettiin | ei kannettu | passive | oli kannettu | ei ollut kannettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kantaisin | en kantaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kantanut | en olisi kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kantaisit | et kantaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kantanut | et olisi kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kantaisi | ei kantaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kantanut | ei olisi kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kantaisimme | emme kantaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kantaneet | emme olisi kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kantaisitte | ette kantaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kantaneet | ette olisi kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kantaisivat | eivät kantaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kantaneet | eivät olisi kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kannettaisiin | ei kannettaisi | passive | olisi kannettu | ei olisi kannettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kanna | älä kanna | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kantakoon | älköön kantako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kantanut | älköön olko kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kantakaamme | älkäämme kantako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kantakaa | älkää kantako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kantakoot | älkööt kantako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kantaneet | älkööt olko kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kannettakoon | älköön kannettako | passive | olkoon kannettu | älköön olko kannettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kantanen | en kantane | 1st sing. | lienen kantanut | en liene kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kantanet | et kantane | 2nd sing. | lienet kantanut | et liene kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kantanee | ei kantane | 3rd sing. | lienee kantanut | ei liene kantanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kantanemme | emme kantane | 1st plur. | lienemme kantaneet | emme liene kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kantanette | ette kantane | 2nd plur. | lienette kantaneet | ette liene kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kantanevat | eivät kantane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kantaneet | eivät liene kantaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kannettaneen | ei kannettane | passive | lienee kannettu | ei liene kannettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | kantaa | present | kantava | kannettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | kantanut | kannettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | kantaessa | kannettaessa | agent3 | kantama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kantamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kantaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | kantamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | kantamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | kantamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | kantamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | kantamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kantaman | kannettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th4 | verbal noun | kantaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
adjectives
nouns
verbs
References
- Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “kantaa”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
Further reading
- “kantaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑntɑː/, [ˈkɑ̝n̪t̪ɑ̝ː]
- Rhymes: -ɑntɑː
- Syllabification(key): kan‧taa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑntɑː/, [ˈkɑ̝n̪t̪ɑ̝ː]
- Rhymes: -ɑntɑː
- Syllabification(key): kan‧taa
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑntɑː/, [ˈkɑntɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑntɑː/, [ˈkɑntɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑntɑː
- Hyphenation: kan‧taa
Conjugation
Conjugation of kantaa (type 4/antaa, nt-nn gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kannan | en kanna | 1st singular | oon kantant, oon kantanut | en oo kantant, en oo kantanut |
2nd singular | kannat | et kanna | 2nd singular | oot kantant, oot kantanut | et oo kantant, et oo kantanut |
3rd singular | kantaa | ei kanna | 3rd singular | ono kantant, ono kantanut | ei oo kantant, ei oo kantanut |
1st plural | kannamma | emmä kanna | 1st plural | oomma kantaneet | emmä oo kantaneet |
2nd plural | kannatta | että kanna | 2nd plural | ootta kantaneet | että oo kantaneet |
3rd plural | kantaat1), kantavat2), kannetaa | evät kanna, ei kanneta | 3rd plural | ovat kantaneet | evät oo kantaneet, ei oo kannettu |
impersonal | kannetaa | ei kanneta | impersonal | ono kannettu | ei oo kannettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kannoin | en kantant, en kantanut | 1st singular | olin kantant, olin kantanut | en olt kantant, en olt kantanut |
2nd singular | kannoit | et kantant, et kantanut | 2nd singular | olit kantant, olit kantanut | et olt kantant, et olt kantanut |
3rd singular | kantoi | ei kantant, ei kantanut | 3rd singular | oli kantant, oli kantanut | ei olt kantant, ei olt kantanut |
1st plural | kannoimma | emmä kantaneet | 1st plural | olimma kantaneet | emmä olleet kantaneet |
2nd plural | kannoitta | että kantaneet | 2nd plural | olitta kantaneet | että olleet kantaneet |
3rd plural | kantoit1), kantoivat2), kannettii | evät kantaneet, ei kannettu | 3rd plural | olivat kantaneet | evät olleet kantaneet, ei olt kannettu |
impersonal | kannettii | ei kannettu | impersonal | oli kannettu | ei olt kannettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kantaisin | en kantais | 1st singular | olisin kantant, olisin kantanut | en olis kantant, en olis kantanut |
2nd singular | kantaisit, kantaist1) | et kantais | 2nd singular | olisit kantant, olisit kantanut | et olis kantant, et olis kantanut |
3rd singular | kantais | ei kantais | 3rd singular | olis kantant, olis kantanut | ei olis kantant, ei olis kantanut |
1st plural | kantaisimma | emmä kantais | 1st plural | olisimma kantaneet | emmä olis kantaneet |
2nd plural | kantaisitta | että kantais | 2nd plural | olisitta kantaneet | että olis kantaneet |
3rd plural | kantaisiit1), kantaisivat2), kannettais | evät kantais, ei kannettais | 3rd plural | olisivat kantaneet | evät olis kantaneet, ei olis kannettu |
impersonal | kannettais | ei kannettais | impersonal | olis kannettu | ei olis kannettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | kanna | elä kanna | 2nd singular | oo kantant, oo kantanut | elä oo kantant, elä oo kantanut |
3rd singular | kantakoo | elköö kantako | 3rd singular | olkoo kantant, olkoo kantanut | elköö olko kantant, elköö olko kantanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | kantakaa | elkää kantako | 2nd plural | olkaa kantaneet | elkää olko kantaneet |
3rd plural | kantakoot | elkööt kantako, elköö kannettako | 3rd plural | olkoot kantaneet | elkööt olko kantaneet, elköö olko kannettu |
impersonal | kannettakkoo | elköö kannettako | impersonal | olkoo kannettu | elköö olko kannettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | kantanen | en kantane | |||
2nd singular | kantanet | et kantane | |||
3rd singular | kantanoo | ei kantane | |||
1st plural | kantanemma | emmä kantane | |||
2nd plural | kantanetta | että kantane | |||
3rd plural | kantanoot | evät kantane, ei kannettane | |||
impersonal | kannettannoo | ei kannettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | kantaa | present | kantava | kannettava | |
2nd | inessive | kantajees | past | kantant, kantanut | kannettu |
instructive | kantaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kantakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | kantamaa | |||
inessive | kantamaas | ||||
elative | kantamast | ||||
abessive | kantamata | ||||
4th | nominative | kantamiin | |||
partitive | kantamista, kantamist |
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑntɑː/, [ˈkɑntɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑntɑː/, [ˈkɑntɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑntɑː
- Hyphenation: kan‧taa
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 133
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