jíti
Old Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьti.
Verb
jíti impf
- to go, to move; to walk [+ s (instrumental) = with what/whom]
- to leave, to go away [+ ot (genitive)]
- to go through, to pass [+ skrzě (accusative)]
- to appear [+ přěd (accusative) = before what/whom]
- to gather, to assemble [+ v (accusative)]
- to enter; to return; to arrive
- to follow [+ za (instrumental) = what/whom]
- to approach; to identify with [+ v (accusative)]
- to fight, to oppose [+ na (accusative)] or [+ proti (dative)]
- to stick to something, to behave in a certain way, to live in a certain way [+instrumental]
- to get oneself into a situation [+ v (accusative)]
- (impersonal) to be threatened with a punishment [+dative = subject] [+ o (accusative)], [+ na (accusative)], or [+ k (dative) = what punishment]
- (of a path) to go, to lead
- (of sound, steam, or other things) to spread
- (of liquid) to flow
- (of a smell) to emanate
- (impersonal) to happen [+dative]
- (of money) to belong to someone
- (of proprety) to enter someone's possession
- (of records) to comply [+dative = whom] [+ podlé (genitive) = according to what]
- to aim for some result [+ k (dative) = for what]
- to result from [+ k (dative)], [+ z (genitive)]
- (of matters, affairs, issues) to concern, to be about
Conjugation
Conjugation of jíti (irregular)
| infinitive | supine | verbal noun |
|---|---|---|
| jíti | jit | jitie |
| Present | Imperative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| 1st person | jdu | jdevě (-va) | jdem (-me/-my) | – | jděvě (-va) | jděm (-me/-my) |
| 2nd person | jdeš | jdeta | jdete | jdi | jděta | jděte |
| 3rd person | jde | jdeta | jdú | jdi | jděta | jděte |
| Sigmatic aorist | Asigmatic aorist | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| 1st person | jidech, jděch | jidechově, jděchově (-va) | jidechom, jděchom (-me/-my) | jid | jidově (-va) | jidom (-me/-my) |
| 2nd person | jide, jdě | jidesta, jděsta (-šta) | jideste, jděste (-šte) | jide | jideta | jidete |
| 3rd person | jide, jdě | jidesta, jděsta (-šta) | jidechu, jděchu | jide | jideta | jidu (-ú) |
| Imperfect | ||||||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||
| 1st person | jdiech | jdiechově (-va) | jdiechom (-me/-my) | |||
| 2nd person | jdieše | jdiešta (-sta) | jdiešte (-ste) | |||
| 3rd person | jdieše | jdiešta (-sta) | jdiechu | |||
| L-participle | Passive participle | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Masculine | šel | šla | šli | jit | jita | jiti |
| Feminine | šla | šle | šly | jita | jitě | jity |
| Neuter | šlo | šle | šla | jito | jitě | jita |
| Nt-participle | S-participle | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Masculine | jda | jdúce | šed | šedše | ||
| Feminine | jdúci | šedši | ||||
| Neuter | jda, jdúci | šed, šedši | ||||
Note: This table shows the most common forms of jíti around the 13th/14th century. See also Appendix:Old Czech verbs and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Derived terms
- dojíti
- najíti
- obejíti
- otejíti
- pojíti
- přijíti
- přědejíti
- přějíti
- rozjíti
- sejíti
- ujíti
- vjíti
- vyjíti
- zajíti
Descendants
- Czech: jít
References
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “jíti”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
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