illata
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈilːɒtɒ]
- Hyphenation: il‧la‧ta
Usage notes
The stative types of the sense verbs feel, smell, and taste are uncommon in Hungarian (i.e., those expressing some sensory information conveyed, in contrast to the voluntary actions of using these senses or the involuntary perception). Instead, adjectival (-ú/-ű/-jú/-jű) and possessive (…-a/-e/-ja/-je van) constructions are used, and these are also applicable for sound. (The first two rows are for action verbs and perception verbs that behave similarly to English.)
| see / look | hear / sound | smell | taste | feel / touch | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action verb | (meg)néz | (meg)hallgat | (meg)szagol | (meg)kóstol, (literary) (meg)ízlel | megfog, (meg)tapint, (meg)tapogat | |
| Perception verb | lát | hall | érez | |||
| Sta- tive |
verb | látszik, tűnik, kinéz, fest | hangzik hallatszik | (érződik or archaic érzik) affecting one: esik (jólesik / rosszulesik) | ||
| adjective | … kinézetű / külsejű (someone’s appearance) | … hangú, … hangzású | … szagú (bad/neutral) … illatú (pleasant) | … ízű | … tapintású | |
| possessive | … kinézete / külseje van … a kinézete / külseje | … hangja van … a hangja | … szaga / illata van …a szaga / …az illata | … íze van … az íze | … tapintása van … a tapintása | |
Examples:
- Ez a torta citromízű. = Ennek a tortának citromíze van. ― This cake tastes of lemon.
- Ez az autó benzinszagú. = Ennek az autónak benzinszaga van. ― This car smells of petrol.
- Ez az étel finom illatú. = Ennek az ételnek finom illata van. = Ennek az ételnek finom az illata. ― This dish smells delicious.
- Ez a szövet selymes tapintású. = Ennek a szövetnek selymes tapintása van = …selymes a tapintása. ― This fabric feels silky.
On the other hand, certain verbs can express particular sensory impressions, e.g. illatozik (“to smell sweet, to be fragrant”) and bűzlik (“to stink, to reek”).
Declension
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | illata | — |
| accusative | illatát | — |
| dative | illatának | — |
| instrumental | illatával | — |
| causal-final | illatáért | — |
| translative | illatává | — |
| terminative | illatáig | — |
| essive-formal | illataként | — |
| essive-modal | illatául | — |
| inessive | illatában | — |
| superessive | illatán | — |
| adessive | illatánál | — |
| illative | illatába | — |
| sublative | illatára | — |
| allative | illatához | — |
| elative | illatából | — |
| delative | illatáról | — |
| ablative | illatától | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
illatáé | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
illatáéi | — |
Latin
Participle
illāta
- inflection of illātus:
- nominative/vocative feminine singular
- nominative/accusative/nominative neuter plural
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