haurio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *auzjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews-ye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“to scoop, draw water”), whence also Proto-Germanic *ausaną (“to scoop, draw water”) and Ancient Greek αὔω (aúō, “to light a fire”), with the /h-/ likely inserted by hypercorrection.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

hauriō (present infinitive haurīre, perfect active hausī, supine haustum); fourth conjugation

  1. to draw (especially water), drain
  2. to drain, drink up, swallow
    Synonyms: ēbibō, exhauriō
  3. (figuratively) to take in with the senses as if to drink or swallow
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.661–662:
      “Hauriat hunc oculīs ignem crūdēlis ab altō
      Dardanus, et nostrae sēcum ferat ōmina mortis.”
      “Let the cruel Dardan drink this funeral pyre with his eyes from far at sea, and may he bear with him the omens of our death.”
      (Dido here speaks of herself using the royal we: “nostrae”. For another figurative example related to “hauriō”, cf. Aeneas speaking at 4.359: “hīs auribus hausī”: “I drank with these ears”.)
  4. to absorb, devour, consume, engulf
    Synonyms: cōnsūmō, conterō, terō
  5. exhaust, deplete, use up
    Synonyms: exhauriō, abūtor, absūmō
  6. (of blood) to spill, shed
  7. to tear up, pluck out, draw out; dig up, hollow out
    Synonyms: carpō, āvellō, vellō, dēripiō
  8. to draw, derive, borrow, take
    Synonyms: capiō, trahō, dūcō
    • c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, 3 24:
      abiectīs properē laciniīs tōtīs, avidē manūs immersī et haurītō plūsculō cūncta corporis meī membra perfricuī.
      I quickly threw off all my clothes, and eagerly put immersed my hands [in the jar with the magical substance], and having drawn a sizeable amount, I rubbed all parts of my body.

Conjugation
   Conjugation of hauriō (fourth conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present hauriō haurīs haurit haurīmus haurītis hauriunt
imperfect hauriēbam hauriēbās hauriēbat hauriēbāmus hauriēbātis hauriēbant
future hauriam hauriēs hauriet hauriēmus hauriētis haurient
perfect hausī hausistī hausit hausimus hausistis hausērunt,
hausēre
pluperfect hauseram hauserās hauserat hauserāmus hauserātis hauserant
future perfect hauserō hauseris hauserit hauserimus hauseritis hauserint
passive present haurior haurīris,
haurīre		 haurītur haurīmur haurīminī hauriuntur
imperfect hauriēbar hauriēbāris,
hauriēbāre		 hauriēbātur hauriēbāmur hauriēbāminī hauriēbantur
future hauriar hauriēris,
hauriēre		 hauriētur hauriēmur hauriēminī haurientur
perfect haustus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect haustus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect haustus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present hauriam hauriās hauriat hauriāmus hauriātis hauriant
imperfect haurīrem haurīrēs haurīret haurīrēmus haurīrētis haurīrent
perfect hauserim hauserīs hauserit hauserīmus hauserītis hauserint
pluperfect hausissem hausissēs hausisset hausissēmus hausissētis hausissent
passive present hauriar hauriāris,
hauriāre		 hauriātur hauriāmur hauriāminī hauriantur
imperfect haurīrer haurīrēris,
haurīrēre		 haurīrētur haurīrēmur haurīrēminī haurīrentur
perfect haustus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect haustus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — haurī — — haurīte —
future — haurītō haurītō — haurītōte hauriuntō
passive present — haurīre — — haurīminī —
future — haurītor haurītor — — hauriuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives haurīre hausisse haustūrum esse haurīrī haustum esse haustum īrī
participles hauriēns — haustūrus — haustus hauriendus,
hauriundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
hauriendī hauriendō hauriendum hauriendō haustum haustū
  • The supine stem haurītum is also attested (in the ablative haurītū, in Apuleius), alongside the perfect participle haurītus and future active participle haurītūrus and hausūrus (the latter in various poets), even if uncommonly.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • French: avir
  • Portuguese: haurir

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “hauriō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 281
  • “haurio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “haurio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • haurio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be drowned in the eddies: gurgitibus hauriri
    • to draw from the fountain-head: e fontibus haurire (opp. rivulos consectari or fontes non videre)
    • to drain the cup of sorrow.[1: calamitatem haurire
    • to take one's fill of enjoyment: voluptates haurire
    • to undergo severe trouble, trials: magnum luctum haurire (without ex-)
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  • “exhaust”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
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