haben
German
Etymology
From Middle High German haben, from Old High German habēn (akin to Old Saxon hebbian, Old Norse hafa (Swedish hava/ha), Old Frisian habba, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban), Old English habban), from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to grasp”). Cognates include Bavarian håbn, Yiddish האָבן (hobn), Dutch hebben, English have, Danish have.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhaːbən/, [ˈhäːbn̩], [ˈhäːbm̩] (standard)
- IPA(key): /ham/ (common; particularly in the present tense, occasionally also in the infinitive)
Note: In Germany it is written in IPA:
- IPA(key): /ˈhaːbən/, [ˈhaːbən], [ˈhaːbn̩], [ˈhaːbm̩]
[ä] and [a] is the same sound here.
audio (file) audio (file) audio (file)
Verb
haben (irregular, third-person singular present hat, past tense hatte, past participle gehabt, past subjunctive hätte, auxiliary haben)
- (auxiliary, with a past participle) to have (forms the perfect aspect)
- Das habe ich nicht gesagt. ― I haven't said that.
- (transitive) to have; to own (to possess, have ownership of; to possess a certain characteristic)
- (transitive) to have; to hold (to contain within itself/oneself)
- Glaub und hab keine Angst.
- Believe and don't be afraid or Believe and have no fear.
- (transitive) to have, get (to obtain, acquire)
- (transitive) to get (to receive)
- (transitive) to have (to be scheduled to attend)
- (transitive) to have (to be afflicted with, suffer from)
- (transitive, of units of measure) to contain, be composed of, equal
- Ein Meter hat 100 Zentimeter.
- There are 100 centimetres in one metre.
- (literally, “One metre has 100 centimetres.”)
- (impersonal, regional, with es) there be, there is, there are
- Es hat zwei Bücher.
- There are two books.
- (reflexive, colloquial) to make a fuss
- Hab dich nicht so!
- Don't make such a fuss!
- (colloquial, with es and mit) to be occupied with, to like, to be into
- Ich hab's nich so mit Hunden.
- I'm not a great fan of dogs.
- (literally, “I don't have it that much with dogs.”)
- (regional, colloquial, with es and von or über) to talk about
- Wir hatten's grad von dir und deiner Freundin.
- We've just been talking about you and your girlfriend.
- (literally, “We just had it about you and your girlfriend.”)
- (with zu + infinitive) to have (to do); must (do)
- Er hat sich zu benehmen.
- He has to behave himself.
Conjugation
infinitive | haben | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | habend | ||||
past participle | gehabt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich habe | wir haben | i | ich habe | wir haben |
du hast | ihr habt | du habest | ihr habet | ||
er hat | sie haben | er habe | sie haben | ||
preterite | ich hatte | wir hatten | ii | ich hätte | wir hätten |
du hattest | ihr hattet | du hättest | ihr hättet | ||
er hatte | sie hatten | er hätte | sie hätten | ||
imperative | hab (du) habe (du) |
habt (ihr) |
Colloquially, hab (also written hab') is often used as the first person singular of the present indicative, instead of habe.
Middle English
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, whence also Old Saxon hebbian, Old English habban, Old Norse hafa, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to grasp”), whence also Latin capiō.
Conjugation
infinitive | habēn | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | habēm, habēn | habēta |
2nd person singular | habēs, habēst | habētōs, habētōst |
3rd person singular | habēt | habēta |
1st person plural | habēm, habēmēs | habētum, habētumēs |
2nd person plural | habēt | habētut |
3rd person plural | habēnt | habētun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | habe | habēti |
2nd person singular | habēs, habēst | habētīs, habētīst |
3rd person singular | habe | habēti |
1st person plural | habēm, habēmēs | habētīm, habētīmēs |
2nd person plural | habēt | habētīt |
3rd person plural | habēn | habētīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | habe | |
plural | habēt | |
participle | present | past |
habēnti | gihabēt |
Derived terms
- anahabēn
- bihabēn
- firhabēn
- gihabēn
- inthabēn
- missihabēn
- umbihabēn
- widarhabēn
- ūfhabēn