gaudeo
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *gāwidēō, from earlier *gāwidējō, from Proto-Indo-European *geh₂widéh₁yeti, from *geh₂w- (“to rejoice”).
Cognate with gaudium, Gāius, Ancient Greek γηθέω (gēthéō), γαίω (gaíō), γάνῡμαι (gánūmai), γαῦρος (gaûros), γάνος (gános), Middle Irish guaire (“noble”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡau̯.de.oː/, [ˈɡäu̯d̪eoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈɡau̯.de.o/, [ˈɡäːu̯d̪eo]
Verb
gaudeō (present infinitive gaudēre, perfect active gāvīsus sum); second conjugation, semi-deponent
- to rejoice, make merry
- Synonyms: exhilarō, exsultō, ovō, grātulor, congrātulor, fruor
- Antonym: displiceō
- Gaudeamus igitur, iuvenes dum sumus.(from the song De Brevitate Vitae)
- Let us therefore rejoice, while we are still young.
- to take pleasure in, be pleased with, delight in, enjoy
- Synonym: pāscor
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.811:
- Quid, victor, gaudēs? Haec tē victōria perdet.
- What, victor, pleases you? This victory will destroy you.
(The poet admonishes Sextus Tarquinius for his actions and foreshadows events which will follow the rape of Lucretia.)
- What, victor, pleases you? This victory will destroy you.
- Quid, victor, gaudēs? Haec tē victōria perdet.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of gaudeō (second conjugation, semi-deponent) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | gaudeō | gaudēs | gaudet | gaudēmus | gaudētis | gaudent |
| imperfect | gaudēbam | gaudēbās | gaudēbat | gaudēbāmus | gaudēbātis | gaudēbant | |
| future | gaudēbō | gaudēbis | gaudēbit | gaudēbimus | gaudēbitis | gaudēbunt | |
| perfect | gāvīsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | gāvīsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | gāvīsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | gaudeam | gaudeās | gaudeat | gaudeāmus | gaudeātis | gaudeant |
| imperfect | gaudērem | gaudērēs | gaudēret | gaudērēmus | gaudērētis | gaudērent | |
| perfect | gāvīsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | gāvīsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | gaudē | — | — | gaudēte | — |
| future | — | gaudētō | gaudētō | — | gaudētōte | gaudentō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | gaudēre | gāvīsum esse | gāvīsūrum esse | — | — | — | |
| participles | gaudēns | gāvīsus | gāvīsūrus | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| gaudendī | gaudendō | gaudendum | gaudendō | gāvīsum | gāvīsū | ||
Related terms
Descendants
- Balkan romance:
- Megleno-Romanian: găudi
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Navarro-Aragonese: godir
- Portuguese: gouvir (archaic)
- Borrowings
References
- “gaudeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “gaudeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- gaudeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to rejoice in secret: in sinu gaudere (Tusc. 3. 21. 51)
- to rejoice in secret: in sinu gaudere (Tusc. 3. 21. 51)
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