dicsér
See also: dícsér
Hungarian
Etymology
From the same stem as dicsekszik (“to boast, brag”) and dicső (“glorious”) + -r (frequentative suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈdit͡ʃeːr]
- Hyphenation: di‧csér
- Rhymes: -eːr
Verb
dicsér
Conjugation
conjugation of dicsér
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | dicsérek | dicsérsz | dicsér | dicsérünk | dicsértek | dicsérnek | |
Def. | dicsérem | dicséred | dicséri | dicsérjük | dicséritek | dicsérik | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | dicsértem | dicsértél | dicsért | dicsértünk | dicsértetek | dicsértek | ||
Def. | dicsértem | dicsérted | dicsérte | dicsértük | dicsértétek | dicsérték | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsértelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. dicsérni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | dicsérék | dicsérél | dicsére | dicsérénk | dicsérétek | dicsérének | ||
Def. | dicsérém | dicséréd | dicséré | dicsérénk | dicsérétek | dicsérék | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. dicsér vala, dicsért vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | dicsérendek | dicsérendesz | dicsérend | dicsérendünk | dicsérendetek | dicsérendenek | ||
Def. | dicsérendem | dicsérended | dicsérendi | dicsérendjük | dicsérenditek | dicsérendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | dicsérnék | dicsérnél | dicsérne | dicsérnénk | dicsérnétek | dicsérnének | |
Def. | dicsérném | dicsérnéd | dicsérné | dicsérnénk (or dicsérnők) |
dicsérnétek | dicsérnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. dicsért volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | dicsérjek | dicsérj or dicsérjél |
dicsérjen | dicsérjünk | dicsérjetek | dicsérjenek | |
Def. | dicsérjem | dicsérd or dicsérjed |
dicsérje | dicsérjük | dicsérjétek | dicsérjék | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérjelek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. dicsért légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | dicsérni | dicsérnem | dicsérned | dicsérnie | dicsérnünk | dicsérnetek | dicsérniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
dicsérés | dicsérő | dicsért | dicsérendő | dicsérve (dicsérvén) | dicsértet | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of dicsér
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | dicsérhetek | dicsérhetsz | dicsérhet | dicsérhetünk | dicsérhettek | dicsérhetnek | |
Def. | dicsérhetem | dicsérheted | dicsérheti | dicsérhetjük | dicsérhetitek | dicsérhetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérhetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | dicsérhettem | dicsérhettél | dicsérhetett | dicsérhettünk | dicsérhettetek | dicsérhettek | ||
Def. | dicsérhettem | dicsérhetted | dicsérhette | dicsérhettük | dicsérhettétek | dicsérhették | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérhettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | dicsérheték | dicsérhetél | dicsérhete | dicsérheténk | dicsérhetétek | dicsérhetének | ||
Def. | dicsérhetém | dicsérhetéd | dicsérheté | dicsérheténk | dicsérhetétek | dicsérheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérhetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. dicsérhet vala, dicsérhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | dicsérhetendek or dicsérandhatok |
dicsérhetendesz or dicsérandhatsz |
dicsérhetend or dicsérandhat |
dicsérhetendünk or dicsérandhatunk |
dicsérhetendetek or dicsérandhattok |
dicsérhetendenek or dicsérandhatnak | ||
Def. | dicsérhetendem or dicsérandhatom |
dicsérhetended or dicsérandhatod |
dicsérhetendi or dicsérandhatja |
dicsérhetendjük or dicsérandhatjuk |
dicsérhetenditek or dicsérandhatjátok |
dicsérhetendik or dicsérandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérhetendelek or dicsérandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | dicsérhetnék | dicsérhetnél | dicsérhetne | dicsérhetnénk | dicsérhetnétek | dicsérhetnének | |
Def. | dicsérhetném | dicsérhetnéd | dicsérhetné | dicsérhetnénk (or dicsérhetnők) |
dicsérhetnétek | dicsérhetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérhetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. dicsérhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | dicsérhessek | dicsérhess or dicsérhessél |
dicsérhessen | dicsérhessünk | dicsérhessetek | dicsérhessenek | |
Def. | dicsérhessem | dicsérhesd or dicsérhessed |
dicsérhesse | dicsérhessük | dicsérhessétek | dicsérhessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | dicsérhesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. dicsérhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (dicsérhetni) | (dicsérhetnem) | (dicsérhetned) | (dicsérhetnie) | (dicsérhetnünk) | (dicsérhetnetek) | (dicsérhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | dicsérhető | Neg. adj. | dicsérhetetlen | Adv. part. | (dicsérhetve / dicsérhetvén) | ||||
References
- dicsér in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- dicsér in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- dicsér in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
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