censeo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *kensēō, from earlier *kensējō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱenséh₁-ye-ti, from *ḱens- (“to announce”). Cognate with Sanskrit शंसति (śáṃsati, “to declare”), Proto-Iranian *cánhati.

Pronunciation

Verb

cēnseō (present infinitive cēnsēre, perfect active cēnsuī, supine cēnsum); second conjugation

  1. to give an opinion
  2. to think, suppose or judge
    Synonyms: credo, reor, opinor, iūdicō, sentio, existimo, cogito, considero, arbitror, puto, reputo
  3. to recommend, advise
    Synonyms: suādeō, commendō, conciliō, dēlīberō, moneō, admoneō, praedicō
  4. to decree, vote or determine
    Synonym: cōnscīscō
  5. to count or reckon, assess
  6. to register the citizens, perform the task of a censor

Conjugation
   Conjugation of cēnseō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present cēnseō cēnsēs cēnset cēnsēmus cēnsētis cēnsent
imperfect cēnsēbam cēnsēbās cēnsēbat cēnsēbāmus cēnsēbātis cēnsēbant
future cēnsēbō cēnsēbis cēnsēbit cēnsēbimus cēnsēbitis cēnsēbunt
perfect cēnsuī cēnsuistī cēnsuit cēnsuimus cēnsuistis cēnsuērunt,
cēnsuēre
pluperfect cēnsueram cēnsuerās cēnsuerat cēnsuerāmus cēnsuerātis cēnsuerant
future perfect cēnsuerō cēnsueris cēnsuerit cēnsuerimus cēnsueritis cēnsuerint
passive present cēnseor cēnsēris,
cēnsēre		 cēnsētur cēnsēmur cēnsēminī cēnsentur
imperfect cēnsēbar cēnsēbāris,
cēnsēbāre		 cēnsēbātur cēnsēbāmur cēnsēbāminī cēnsēbantur
future cēnsēbor cēnsēberis,
cēnsēbere		 cēnsēbitur cēnsēbimur cēnsēbiminī cēnsēbuntur
perfect cēnsus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect cēnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect cēnsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present cēnseam cēnseās cēnseat cēnseāmus cēnseātis cēnseant
imperfect cēnsērem cēnsērēs cēnsēret cēnsērēmus cēnsērētis cēnsērent
perfect cēnsuerim cēnsuerīs cēnsuerit cēnsuerīmus cēnsuerītis cēnsuerint
pluperfect cēnsuissem cēnsuissēs cēnsuisset cēnsuissēmus cēnsuissētis cēnsuissent
passive present cēnsear cēnseāris,
cēnseāre		 cēnseātur cēnseāmur cēnseāminī cēnseantur
imperfect cēnsērer cēnsērēris,
cēnsērēre		 cēnsērētur cēnsērēmur cēnsērēminī cēnsērentur
perfect cēnsus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect cēnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — cēnsē — — cēnsēte —
future — cēnsētō cēnsētō — cēnsētōte cēnsentō
passive present — cēnsēre — — cēnsēminī —
future — cēnsētor cēnsētor — — cēnsentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives cēnsēre cēnsuisse cēnsūrum esse cēnsērī,
cēnsērier1		 cēnsum esse cēnsum īrī
participles cēnsēns — cēnsūrus — cēnsus cēnsendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
cēnsendī cēnsendō cēnsendum cēnsendō cēnsum cēnsū

1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • English: census
  • → Middle French: censer

References
  • “censeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “censeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • censeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • the censors hold a census of the people: censores censent populum
    • what is your opinion: quid censes? quid tibi videtur?
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 107
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