acobardar

Portuguese

Etymology

From a- +‎ cobarde (“coward”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /a.ko.baʁˈda(ʁ)/ [a.ko.baɦˈda(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /a.ko.baɾˈda(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /a.ko.baʁˈda(ʁ)/ [a.ko.baʁˈda(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /a.ko.baɻˈda(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.ku.bɐɾˈdaɾ/ [ɐ.ku.βɐɾˈðaɾ]
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.ku.bɐɾˈda.ɾi/ [ɐ.ku.βɐɾˈða.ɾi]

  • Hyphenation: a‧co‧bar‧dar

Verb

acobardar (first-person singular present acobardo, first-person singular preterite acobardei, past participle acobardado)

  1. to frighten

Conjugation
    Conjugation of acobardar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal acobardar
Personal acobardar acobardares acobardar acobardarmos acobardardes acobardarem
Gerund
acobardando
Past participle
Masculine acobardado acobardados
Feminine acobardada acobardadas
Indicative
Present acobardo acobardas acobarda acobardamos acobardais acobardam
Imperfect acobardava acobardavas acobardava acobardávamos acobardáveis acobardavam
Preterite acobardei acobardaste acobardou acobardamos1, acobardámos2 acobardastes acobardaram
Pluperfect acobardara acobardaras acobardara acobardáramos acobardáreis acobardaram
Future acobardarei acobardarás acobardará acobardaremos acobardareis acobardarão
Conditional acobardaria acobardarias acobardaria acobardaríamos acobardaríeis acobardariam
Subjunctive
Present acobarde acobardes acobarde acobardemos acobardeis acobardem
Imperfect acobardasse acobardasses acobardasse acobardássemos acobardásseis acobardassem
Future acobardar acobardares acobardar acobardarmos acobardardes acobardarem
Imperative
Affirmative acobarda acobarde acobardemos acobardai acobardem
Negative (não) não acobardes não acobarde não acobardemos não acobardeis não acobardem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From a- +‎ cobarde (“coward”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /akobaɾˈdaɾ/ [a.ko.β̞aɾˈð̞aɾ]
  • Audio (Venezuela):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: a‧co‧bar‧dar

Verb

acobardar (first-person singular present acobardo, first-person singular preterite acobardé, past participle acobardado)

  1. (transitive) to daunt, to frighten, to scare
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:asustar
  2. (reflexive) to be frightened, scared, daunted
    Synonym: asustarse
  3. (reflexive) to cower

Conjugation
    Conjugation of acobardar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive acobardar
gerund acobardando
past participle masculine feminine
singular acobardado acobardada
plural acobardados acobardadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present acobardo acobardastú
acobardásvos		 acobarda acobardamos acobardáis acobardan
imperfect acobardaba acobardabas acobardaba acobardábamos acobardabais acobardaban
preterite acobardé acobardaste acobardó acobardamos acobardasteis acobardaron
future acobardaré acobardarás acobardará acobardaremos acobardaréis acobardarán
conditional acobardaría acobardarías acobardaría acobardaríamos acobardaríais acobardarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present acobarde acobardestú
acobardésvos2		 acobarde acobardemos acobardéis acobarden
imperfect
(ra)		 acobardara acobardaras acobardara acobardáramos acobardarais acobardaran
imperfect
(se)		 acobardase acobardases acobardase acobardásemos acobardaseis acobardasen
future1 acobardare acobardares acobardare acobardáremos acobardareis acobardaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative acobardatú
acobardávos		 acobarde acobardemos acobardad acobarden
negative no acobardes no acobarde no acobardemos no acobardéis no acobarden

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of acobardar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive acobardar
dative acobardarme acobardarte acobardarle, acobardarse acobardarnos acobardaros acobardarles, acobardarse
accusative acobardarme acobardarte acobardarlo, acobardarla, acobardarse acobardarnos acobardaros acobardarlos, acobardarlas, acobardarse
with gerund acobardando
dative acobardándome acobardándote acobardándole, acobardándose acobardándonos acobardándoos acobardándoles, acobardándose
accusative acobardándome acobardándote acobardándolo, acobardándola, acobardándose acobardándonos acobardándoos acobardándolos, acobardándolas, acobardándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative acobarda
dative acobárdame acobárdate acobárdale acobárdanos not used acobárdales
accusative acobárdame acobárdate acobárdalo, acobárdala acobárdanos not used acobárdalos, acobárdalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative acobardá
dative acobardame acobardate acobardale acobardanos not used acobardales
accusative acobardame acobardate acobardalo, acobardala acobardanos not used acobardalos, acobardalas
with formal second-person singular imperative acobarde
dative acobárdeme not used acobárdele, acobárdese acobárdenos not used acobárdeles
accusative acobárdeme not used acobárdelo, acobárdela, acobárdese acobárdenos not used acobárdelos, acobárdelas
with first-person plural imperative acobardemos
dative not used acobardémoste acobardémosle acobardémonos acobardémoos acobardémosles
accusative not used acobardémoste acobardémoslo, acobardémosla acobardémonos acobardémoos acobardémoslos, acobardémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative acobardad
dative acobardadme not used acobardadle acobardadnos acobardaos acobardadles
accusative acobardadme not used acobardadlo, acobardadla acobardadnos acobardaos acobardadlos, acobardadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative acobarden
dative acobárdenme not used acobárdenle acobárdennos not used acobárdenles, acobárdense
accusative acobárdenme not used acobárdenlo, acobárdenla acobárdennos not used acobárdenlos, acobárdenlas, acobárdense

Derived terms
  • acobardamiento

See also

Further reading
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