Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gaiʀ

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gaizaz.

Noun

*gaiʀ m[1]

spear

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*gaiʀ
Genitive	*gaiʀas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*gaiʀ	gaiʀō, gaiʀōs
Accusative	*gaiʀ	*gaiʀā
Genitive	*gaiʀas	*gaiʀō
Dative	*gaiʀē	*gaiʀum
Instrumental	*gaiʀu	*gaiʀum

Derived terms

Descendants

Old English: gār
- Middle English: gor, gar, gare, gær
  - ⇒ Middle English: garfysche
    - English: garfish
    - Scots: gairfish
Old Frisian: *gār, gēr
- Saterland Frisian: Goare
- West Frisian: gear
Old Saxon: gēr
- Middle Low German: gêr
  - Westphalian:
    Westmünsterländisch: Geere, Geer
Old Dutch: *gēr
- Middle Dutch: gêer
  - Dutch: geer
Old High German: gēr, giri
- Lombardic: ger
  - →⇒ Italian: gherone
- Middle High German: gēr
  - German: Ger

References

Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 86: “PWGmc *gaiz”

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[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 86: “PWGmc *gaiz”