< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ēl
Proto-Turkic
Declension
Declension of *ēl
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *ēl |
Accusative | *ēlni, *ēlig 4), *ēlnig 1) |
Genitive | *ēlniŋ |
Dative | *ēlke |
Locative | *ēlte |
Ablative | *ēlten |
Allative | *ēlgerü |
Instrumental 2) | *ēlin |
Equative 2) | *ēlče |
Similative 2) | *ēlleyü |
Comitative 2) | *ēlligü |
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Usage notes
The senses "people", "international relations", "peace" and others developed from Karakhanid onwards ― they are not attested in Old Turkic and Old Uyghur texts.
Descendants
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Kipchak: el
- North Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- → Proto-Mongolic: *el
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “él:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 121
- Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, page 339
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