< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duxъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dausas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews-, variant of *dʰwes-. Cognate with Lithuanian daũsos f pl (air), Proto-Germanic *deuzą (animal).

Noun

*dȗxъ m[1][2][3]

  1. gust (of wind)
  2. breath (especially as manifestation of the life)
    bezъ ducha bytito be dead, not alive
    jьspustiti/vypustiti duchato die
  3. soul
  4. spirit
    zъlъ duxъevil spirit

Declension

See also

  • *duti (to inflate, to swell), *dunǫti (to blow off)
  • *dymъ (smoke), *dymati (to smoke)

Derived terms

  • *duxota (immateriality, transcendence)
  • *zaduxъ (asthma, shortness of air)
  • *vъzduxъ (air)
  • *dušiti (to sniff, to scent)
  • *duša (soul)
  • *duxovъ (aerial, spiritual)
    • *duxovьnostь (spirituality)
    • *duxovьnikъ (cleric)
    • *duxovitъ (with high spirit)
  • *oduxotvoriti (to enchant) < *duxъ + *tvoriti (to create)

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: духъ (duxŭ, air)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: доухъ (duxŭ)
      Glagolitic script: ⰴⱆⱈⱏ (duxŭ)
    • Bulgarian: дух (duh)
    • Macedonian: дух (duh)
    • Serbo-Croatian: ду̏х, dȕh
    • Slovene: dȗh (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: duch
      • Czech: duch
        • Bohemian (Chod dialect): duch
    • Kashubian: dëch
    • Polish: duch
    • Slovak: duch
    • Sorbian:
  • Romanian: duh

References

  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dȗxъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 124:m. o (c) ‘breath, spirit’
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “duxъ duxa”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:c breathing; odor (NA 97; SA 94, 156; PR 137; RPT 97, 102)
  3. Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1984), “duchъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 5 (drъgati – ďurъka), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 84
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