< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dyxati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Formed as *dyxъ (“whiff”) + *-ati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-, *dʰūs-, *dʰwes- (“to blow”), see also Latvian dvest (“to breathe”), Lithuanian dūsúoti (“to breathe heavily”).[1]
Inflection
Original:
Conjugation of *dyxati, *dyxa, *dyšetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *dyxanьje | *dyxati | *dyxatъ | *dyxalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *dyxanъ | *dyšemъ |
| Active | *dyxavъ | *dyšę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dyxaxъ | *dyxa | *dyxa | *dyšǫ | *dyšeši | *dyšetь |
| Dual | *dyxaxově | *dyxasta | *dyxaste | *dyševě | *dyšeta | *dyšete |
| Plural | *dyxaxomъ | *dyxaste | *dyxašę | *dyšemъ | *dyšete | *dyšǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dyxaaxъ | *dyxaaše | *dyxaaše | — | *dyši | *dyši |
| Dual | *dyxaaxově | *dyxaašeta | *dyxaašete | *dyšivě | *dyšita | — |
| Plural | *dyxaaxomъ | *dyxaašete | *dyxaaxǫ | *dyšimъ | *dyšite | — |
Secondary:
Conjugation of *dyxati, *dyxa, *dyxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *dyxanьje | *dyxati | *dyxatъ | *dyxalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *dyxanъ | *dyxajemъ |
| Active | *dyxavъ | *dyxaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dyxaxъ | *dyxa | *dyxa | *dyxajǫ | *dyxaješi | *dyxajetь |
| Dual | *dyxaxově | *dyxasta | *dyxaste | *dyxajevě | *dyxajeta | *dyxajete |
| Plural | *dyxaxomъ | *dyxaste | *dyxašę | *dyxajemъ | *dyxajete | *dyxajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dyxaaxъ | *dyxaaše | *dyxaaše | — | *dyxaji | *dyxaji |
| Dual | *dyxaaxově | *dyxaašeta | *dyxaašete | *dyxajivě | *dyxajita | — |
| Plural | *dyxaaxomъ | *dyxaašete | *dyxaaxǫ | *dyxajimъ | *dyxajite | — |
Derived terms
- *dyšati (intensive)
- *dyxavica
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ды́хать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dyxati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 199
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дихам, дихвам, дихна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 398
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) “268-71”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 268-71
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dyxati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 131: “‘breathe’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “dyxati: dyšǫ dyšetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a? ånde (PR 133)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “dihati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*dyxa̋ti”
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