< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/činiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Causative-iterative of *činǫti (“to probe, to gauge”) +‎ *-iti (cognate with Ancient Greek τῐ́νω (tínō, “to pay honor”)) and/or related noun *činъ (“rank, status”) +‎ *-iti, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to enquire, to evaluate”) < *kʷ- (interrogative particle).

Verb

*činìti[1][2]

  1. (transitive) to instigate, to cause
    Synonym: *raděti
    → to prepare, to commence
    → to compile, to conjure
    → to accomplish, to fulfill
    → to raise, to set up
  2. (transitive) to do, to perform
    Synonyms: *děti, *dělati, *praviti
  3. (intransitive, abstract) to constitute, to stand for, to be worth

Inflection
Conjugation of *činiti, *čini, *činitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*čiňenьje *činiti *činitъ *činilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *čiňenъ *činimъ
Active *čiňь *činę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *činixъ*čini*čini *čiňǫ*činiši*činitь
Dual *činixově*činista*činiste *činivě*činita*činite
Plural *činixomъ*činiste*činišę *činimъ*činite*činętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *čiňaaxъ*čiňaaše*čiňaaše —*čini*čini
Dual *čiňaaxově*čiňaašeta*čiňaašete *činivě*činita—
Plural *čiňaaxomъ*čiňaašete*čiňaaxǫ *činimъ*činite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*činivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
  • *činъ (“rank”)
  • *pričina (“cause”)
  • *načinъ (“manner”)
  • *činьnъ, *činovъ (“official, functional”)
    • *činovьnikъ
  • *cěniti (“to value, to esteem”)

Descendants

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*činìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 89: “v. (c)”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “činiti: činjǫ činitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c gøre, udrette (PR 140)”

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “чинить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Snoj, Marko (2016) “činiti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si
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