Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/daʀaq

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *daʀaq.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /daraq/

Noun

*daʀaq

blood (vital liquid flowing in animal bodies)

Descendants

Proto-Philippine: *dáʀaq
- Ilocano: dara
- Maranao: dara
- Pangasinan: dala
- Yogad: daga
Malagasy: ra
Northwest Sumatra-Barrier Islands
- Proto-Batak: *darəh (with irregular *ə in the final syllable)
  - Karo Batak: darəh
  - Dairi Batak: daroh
  - Simalungun Batak: daroh
  - Toba Batak: daro
- Nias: do
Malayo-Sumbawan
- Proto-Chamic: *darah
  - Acehnese: darah
  - Cham:
    - Eastern Cham: ꨕꨣꩍ (darah)
  - Jarai: drah
- Proto-Malayic: *darah
  - Malay: darah
    - Indonesian: darah
    - → Javanese: ꦝꦫꦃ (dharah)
  - Urak Lawoi': ดารัฮ (darah)
  - Iban: darah
Old Javanese: rāh
- Javanese: ꦫꦃ (rah, “blood”)
- → Balinese: ᬭᬵᬄ (rah, “blood”)
>? Old Javanese: darā
- > Javanese: ꦢꦫ (dara) (inherited)
- >? Malay: dara
  - > Indonesian: dara (inherited)
Celebic:
- Saluan-Banggai
  - Balantak: rara'
- Wotu-Wolio
  - Wolio: raa
Chamorro: håga'
Palauan: rasech
Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Masiwang: lasa
- Proto-Oceanic: *draʀaq[1]
  - Nauruan: ara
  - Proto-Micronesian: *caa-[2]
    - Woleaian: cha

References

Blust, Robert, Trussel, Stephen (2013) “The Austronesian comparative dictionary: a work in progress”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 52, number 2, pages 493-523
Bender, Byron W., Goodenough, Ward H., Jackson, Frederick H., Marck, Jeffrey C., Sohn, Ho-Min, Trussel, Stephen, Wang, Judith W. (2003) “Proto-Micronesian reconstructions: I”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 42, number 1, →DOI, pages 1-110

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[1] Blust, Robert, Trussel, Stephen (2013) “The Austronesian comparative dictionary: a work in progress”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 52, number 2, pages 493-523

[2] Bender, Byron W., Goodenough, Ward H., Jackson, Frederick H., Marck, Jeffrey C., Sohn, Ho-Min, Trussel, Stephen, Wang, Judith W. (2003) “Proto-Micronesian reconstructions: I”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 42, number 1, →DOI, pages 1-110