Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/stel-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*stel-

to put, to place; to locate
to be stiff (< to be set/firm)

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *stel-‎ (20 c, 0 e)

*stél-ye-ti[1][2]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *stíltei
  - Proto-Slavic: *stьlati (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *stéľľō
  - Ancient Greek: στέλλω (stéllō)
    - Greek: στέλνω (stélno)
*stól-ye-ti
- Proto-Germanic: *staljaną
  - Proto-West Germanic: *stalljan (see there for further descendants)
?*stl̥-ko-s
- Proto-Italic: *stlokos
  - Old Latin: stlocus
    - Latin: locus (see there for further descendants)
*stól-ō, *stél-ō ~ stl̥-n-és (on-stem)
- Proto-Germanic: *stullô
  - Proto-West Germanic: *stollō
    - Old High German: stollo (“prop, post”)
      - Middle High German: stolle
        German: Stollen
        → Czech: štóla
        → English: stollen
        → Norwegian Bokmål: stoll
        → Norwegian Nynorsk: stoll
      - → Italian: stollo
        → Serbo-Croatian: штула
- Proto-Italic: *stolō
  - Latin: stolō (“shoot, branch”) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ *stl̥-n-eh₂
  - Proto-Hellenic: *stəllā
    - >? Ancient Greek: στήλη (stḗlē, “prop, support block, post”) (or from *steh₂-) (see there for further descendants)
*stól-o-s
- Proto-Hellenic: *stólos
  - Ancient Greek: στόλος (stólos) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *stʰálas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *stʰálas
    - Sanskrit: स्थल (sthála, “land, place”) (see there for further descendants)
*stol-éh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *stólā́
  - Ancient Greek: στολή (stolḗ)
    - Greek: στολή (stolí)
    - → Hebrew: אִצְטְלָה (itztəlá)
    - → Latin: stola
      - → Czech: štóla (learned)
      - → English: stola, stole (learned)
      - → Finnish: stola (learned)
      - → Italian: stola (learned)
      - → Norwegian Nynorsk: stola (learned)
      - → Polish: stola (learned)
      - → Slovak: štóla (learned)
      - → Swedish: stola (learned)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *stʰálaH
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *stʰálaH
    - Sanskrit: स्थला (sthálā, “floor, mound”)
*stl̥-to-
- Proto-Germanic: *stultaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *stoltos
  - Latin: stultus (see there for further descendants)
*stol-ido-
- Proto-Italic: *stolidos
  - Latin: stolidus (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Albanian: shtjell
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: ստեղն (stełn)
  - Old Armenian: ստեղծանեմ (stełcanem)
  - (perhaps) Old Armenian: առաստաղ (aṙastał)
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Latvian: stal̃lis
  - Lithuanian: stal̃das
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: στελεός (steleós), στελεά (steleá)

Extensions

⇒? *stel-d-
- ⇒ *steld-y-on-
  - Proto-Germanic: *stiltijǭ, *staltijǭ, *stultijǭ (“stilt”)
    - Proto-West Germanic: *stiltijā, *staltijā, *stultijā
      - Old English: *stilte, *stylte
        Middle English: stilte, stulte
        English: stilt
      - Middle Low German: stelte
      - Old Dutch:
        Middle Dutch:
        Dutch: stelt
      - Old High German: stelza
        Middle High German: stelze
        German: Stelze
    - Old Norse:
      - Danish: stylte

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stьlati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 473
Derksen, Rick (2015) “stallīt”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 565

Pokorny, Julius (1959) “3. stel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1019-1020
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*stel-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 594

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*stьlati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 473

[2] Derksen, Rick (2015) “stallīt”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 565

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/stel-

Proto-Indo-European

Root

Derived terms

See also

References