-niok

• IPA^(key): [nijok]

-niok

1. (conjugated infinitive suffix, dialectal or archaic) Alternative form of -niuk, forms the third-person plural of a conjugated infinitive.

   tanulni (“to study”) → Tanulniok kell. ― They have to study.

• The conjugated infinitive denotes action connected to the person. The non-conjugated infinitive has a general meaning:

  Itt nem szabad dohányozniuk. ― They/you [pl] are not allowed to smoke here. (third-person plural or formal)

  Itt nem szabad dohányozni. ― Smoking is not allowed here. (general)

• With words like “important, necessary” etc., it is expressed in English as “for them/you to…”.

  Nekik fontos eljönniük. ― It is important for them to come here. or It is important that they come.

  Önöknek fontos eljönniük. ― It is important for you [pl] to come here. or It is important that you come.

• Variants:

  -niuk is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni

  rohanni (“to run”) → Rohanniuk kell. ― They have to run.

  -niük is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni

  nevetni (“to laugh”) → Nevetniük kell. ― They have to laugh.

  főzni (“to cook”) → Főzniük kell. ― They have to cook.

  -aniuk is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ani

  tanítani (“to teach”) → Tanítaniuk kell. ― They have to teach.

  -eniük is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -eni

  veszíteni (“to lose”) → Súlyt kell veszíteniük. ― They have to lose weight.

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  rohanni (“to run”) → Rohanniok kell. ― They have to run.

  -niök is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni

  nevetni (“to laugh”) → Nevetniök kell. ― They have to laugh.

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes