-nem
See also: Appendix:Variations of "nem"
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [nɛm]
Suffix
-nem
- (conjugated infinitive suffix) Forms the first-person singular of an infinitive.
- beszélni (“to talk”) → Beszélnem kell vele. ― I have to talk to him/her.
Usage notes
- The conjugated infinitive denotes action connected to the person. The non-conjugated infinitive has a general meaning:
- Itt nem szabad dohányoznom. ― I am not allowed to smoke here. (first-person)
- Itt nem szabad dohányozni. ― Smoking is not allowed here. (general)
- Variants:
- -nom is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni
- rohanni (“to run”) → Rohannom kell. ― I have to run.
- Lua error in Module:utilities at line 142: attempt to perform arithmetic on local 'h' (a nil value) is added to unrounded front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni
- nevetni (“to laugh”) → Nevetnem kell. ― I have to laugh.
- -nöm is added to rounded front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni
- főzni (“to cook”) → Ma főznöm kell. ― I have to cook today.
- -anom is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ani
- tanítani (“to teach”) → Tanítanom kell. ― I have to teach.
- -enem is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -eni
- veszíteni (“to lose”) → Súlyt kell veszítenem. ― I have to lose weight.
- -nom is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni
Conjugated infinitive – personal endings
| Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| én | 1st person singular | -nom | -nem | -nöm |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anom | -enem | ||
| te | 2nd person singular | -nod | -ned | -nöd |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anod | -ened | ||
| ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | -nia | -nie | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-ania | -enie | ||
| mi | 1st person plural | -nunk | -nünk | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anunk | -enünk | ||
| ti | 2nd person plural | -notok | -netek | -nötök |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anotok | -enetek | ||
| ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -niuk | -niük | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-aniuk | -eniük | ||
| archaic/dialectal | -niok | -niök | ||
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
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