높다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 높다〮 (Yale: nwòph-tá).

The twelfth-century Chinese wordlist Jilin leishi records the Late Old Korean word for "tall" as 那奔 (nɑ puənH), which seems to be the realis gerund form of this word with the Old Korean 隱 (*-on) suffix.

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [no̞p̚t͈a̠]
    • (file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [놉따]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?nopda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?nopda
McCune–Reischauer?nopta
Yale Romanization?nophta

Adjective
Korean verb set
Base 높다 (nopda)
Causative높이다 (nopida)

높다 • (nopda) (infinitive 높아, sequential 높으니)

  1. (literal and figurative) to be high, to be tall, to be lofty (of an object, a place, a quantified statistic, etc.)
    Antonym: 낮다 (natda)
    높은 건물
    nopeun geonmul
    a tall building
    높은 수압
    nopeun suap
    high water pressure
    높은 목소리
    nopeun moksori
    a high voice
  2. to be high up, to be high in social rank (of a person)
    Antonym: 낮다 (natda)
    높으신 분이 오신대.
    Nopeusin bun-i osindae.
    They're saying someone high up is coming.
  3. (only in speech of the royal court) to be tall in height (of a person)
    Synonym: 크다 (keuda, in all non-royal court usage)
    주상께서 키가 높으시니
    jusang-kkeseo ki-ga nopeusini
    As His Majesty is tall in height...

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the adjective 높다 (nopda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 높다
nopda		 높아
nopa		 높아요
nopayo		 높습니다
nopseumnida
Past 높았다
nopatda		 높았어
nopasseo		 높았어요
nopasseoyo		 높았습니다
nopatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 높으냐
nopeunya		 높아
nopa		 높아요
nopayo		 높습니까
nopseumnikka
Past 높았냐
nopannya		 높았어
nopasseo		 높았어요
nopasseoyo		 높았습니까
nopatseumnikka
Assertive 높겠다
nopgetda		높겠어
nopgesseo		높겠어요
nopgesseoyo		높겠습니다
nopgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 높아
nopa		높아서
nopaseo		높으니
nopeuni		높으니까
nopeunikka
Contrast 높지만
nopjiman		높은데
nopeunde		높더니
nopdeoni
Conjunction 높고
nopgo
Condition 높으면
nopeumyeon		높아야
nopaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 높음
nopeum		높기
nopgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 높았음
nopasseum		높았기
nopatgi
Determiners Present 높은
nopeun
Future 높을
nopeul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 높으시다
nopeusida		 높으셔
nopeusyeo		 높으세요, 높으셔요
nopeuseyo, nopeusyeoyo		 높으십니다
nopeusimnida
Past 높으셨다
nopeusyeotda		 높으셨어
nopeusyeosseo		 높으셨어요
nopeusyeosseoyo		 높으셨습니다
nopeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 높으시냐
nopeusinya		 높으셔
nopeusyeo		 높으세요, 높으셔요
nopeuseyo, nopeusyeoyo		 높으십니까
nopeusimnikka
Past 높으셨냐
nopeusyeonnya		 높으셨어
nopeusyeosseo		 높으셨어요
nopeusyeosseoyo		 높으셨습니까
nopeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 높으시겠다
nopeusigetda		높으시겠어
nopeusigesseo		높으시겠어요
nopeusigesseoyo		높으시겠습니다
nopeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 높으셔
nopeusyeo		높으셔서
nopeusyeoseo		높으시니
nopeusini		높으시니까
nopeusinikka
Contrast 높으시지만
nopeusijiman		높으신데
nopeusinde		높으시더니
nopeusideoni
Conjunction 높으시고
nopeusigo
Condition 높으시면
nopeusimyeon		높으셔야
nopeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 높으심
nopeusim		높으시기
nopeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 높으셨음
nopeusyeosseum		높으셨기
nopeusyeotgi
Determiners Present 높으신
nopeusin
Future 높으실
nopeusil

Derived terms

See also

Middle Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /nopʰ.ta/, [nòp̚.tá]

Adjective

높다〮 (nwòphtá)

  1. to be high
    Antonyms: ᄂᆞᆺ갑다 (noskapta), ᄂᆞᆽ다〮 (nòctá)

Descendants
  • Jeju: 노프다 (nopeuda)
  • Korean: 높다 (nopda)
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