長壽

See also: 长寿

Chinese

		long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	(long) life
trad. (長壽)		長	壽
simp. (长寿)		长	寿

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): chángshòu

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄕㄡˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чоншу (čonšu, I-III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ sau⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhòng-su
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tn̂g-siū / tiông-siū / tiâng-siū

(Teochew, Peng'im): ciang⁵ siu⁷

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chángshòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄕㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chángshòu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻang²-shou⁴
  - Yale: cháng-shòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngshow
  - Palladius: чаншоу (čanšou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    嘗受／尝受
    長壽／长寿
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чоншу (čonšu, I-III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²⁴ ʂou⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng⁴ sau⁶
  - Yale: chèuhng sauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ sau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ seo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ sɐu̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòng-su
  - Hakka Romanization System: congˇ su
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong² su⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ su⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tn̂g-siū
  - Tâi-lô: tn̂g-siū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dngsiu
  - IPA (Taipei): /tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tŋ̍²³⁻³³ siu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tŋ̍¹³⁻²² siu²²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiông-siū
  - Tâi-lô: tiông-siū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diongsiu
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ siu³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiâng-siū
  - Tâi-lô: tiâng-siū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diangsiu
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ¹³⁻²² siu²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ciang⁵ siu⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiâng siū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siu¹¹/

Middle Chinese: drjang dzyuwX|dzyuwH

Rime
Character	長	壽	壽
Reading #	1/3	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	常 (25)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	尤 (136)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	直良切	殖酉切	承呪切
Baxter	drjang	dzyuwX	dzyuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/	/d͡ʑɨu^X/	/d͡ʑɨu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/	/d͡ʑiu^X/	/d͡ʑiu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/	/d͡ʑiəu^X/	/d͡ʑiəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/	/d͡ʑuw^X/	/d͡ʑuw^H/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/	/ʑiu^X/	/ʑiu^H/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/	/ʑĭəu^X/	/ʑĭəu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/	/ʑi̯ə̯u^X/	/ʑi̯ə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	shòu	shòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng⁴	sau⁶	sau⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə-[N]-traŋ [N-t]uʔ|[N-t]uʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*daŋ djuʔ|djus/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	長	壽	壽
Reading #	1/2	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cháng	shòu	shòu
Middle Chinese	‹ drjang ›	‹ dzyuw^X ›	‹ dzyuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə-[N]-traŋ/	/*[N-t]uʔ/	/*[N-t]uʔ-s/
English	long (adj.)	longevity	longevity
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	長	壽	壽
Reading #	2/3	1/2	2/2
No.	1276	11707	11709
Phonetic component	長	壽	壽
Rime group	陽	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	0	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	長	受	授
Old Chinese	/*daŋ/	/*djuʔ/	/*djus/

Adjective

長壽

long-lived; longevous

Synonyms

長命／长命 (chángmìng)
(Hokkien) 長歲壽／长岁寿, 百歲壽／百岁寿

Derived terms

好人不長壽，禍害一千年／好人不长寿，祸害一千年
長壽麵／长寿面 (chángshòumiàn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (長壽):

→ Japanese: 長(ちょう)寿(じゅ) (chōju)
→ Korean: 장수(長壽) (jangsu)
→ Vietnamese: trường thọ (長壽)

Proper noun

長壽

(～區) Changshou (a district of Chongqing, China)
(～鎮) Changshou (a town in Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)
(～社區) Changshou (a residential community in Changshou, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)
(～村) Changshou (a village in Changshou, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)
(historical) era names (692–694, 769–779)

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