遠慮

See also: 远虑

Chinese
far; distant; remote anxiety
trad. (遠慮) 遠 慮
simp. (远虑) 远 虑

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 遠 慮
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 元 (66) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 雲阮切 良倨切
Baxter hjwonX ljoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦʉɐnX/ /lɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷiɐnX/ /liɔH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣiuɐnX/ /liɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦuanX/ /lɨə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /ɣiuɐnX/ /liɔH/
Wang
Li		 /ɣĭwɐnX/ /lĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wɐnX/ /li̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yuǎn lǜ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jyun5 leoi6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 遠 慮
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yuǎn lǜ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hjwonX › ‹ ljoH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.ɢʷanʔ/ /*[r]a-s/
English far think, consider

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 遠 慮
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 16226 5241
Phonetic
component		 袁 虍
Rime
group		 元 魚
Rime
subdivision		 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 遠 慮
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷanʔ/ /*ras/

Noun

遠慮

  1. foresight; long view

Antonyms

Verb

遠慮

  1. to plan far ahead

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (遠慮):
  • → Japanese: 遠慮(えんりょ) (enryo)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
遠 慮
えん
Grade: 2		 りょ
Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

遠(えん)慮(りょ) • (enryo) ←ゑんりよ (wenryo)?

  1. reserve
    遠慮(えんりょ)なくどうぞ。
    Enryo naku dōzo.
    Please do not hesitate.
  2. forethought, foresight

Verb

遠(えん)慮(りょ)する • (enryo suru) ←ゑんりよ (wenryo)?transitive or intransitive suru (stem 遠(えん)慮(りょ)し (enryo shi), past 遠(えん)慮(りょ)した (enryo shita))

  1. to restrain oneself; to have restraint; to be reserved; to hold back
  2. to refrain from (doing something)
  3. to stand on ceremony

Usage notes
  • When used in response to a request or offer, this can be translated as no thanks or "I'm fine, thanks."

Conjugation
Conjugation of "遠慮する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 遠慮し えんりょし enryo shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 遠慮し えんりょし enryo shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 遠慮する えんりょする enryo suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 遠慮する えんりょする enryo suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 遠慮すれ えんりょすれ enryo sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 遠慮せよ¹
遠慮しろ²		 えんりょせよ¹
えんりょしろ²		 enryo seyo¹
enryo shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 遠慮される えんりょされる enryo sareru
Causative 遠慮させる
遠慮さす		 えんりょさせる
えんりょさす		 enryo saseru
enryo sasu
Potential 遠慮できる えんりょできる enryo dekiru
Volitional 遠慮しよう えんりょしよう enryo shiyō
Negative 遠慮しない えんりょしない enryo shinai
Negative continuative 遠慮せず えんりょせず enryo sezu
Formal 遠慮します えんりょします enryo shimasu
Perfective 遠慮した えんりょした enryo shita
Conjunctive 遠慮して えんりょして enryo shite
Hypothetical conditional 遠慮すれば えんりょすれば enryo sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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