菡萏

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (菡萏)		菡	萏
simp. ^#(菡萏)		菡	萏

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hàndàn

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ ㄉㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haam⁵ daam⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hàndàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ ㄉㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hàndàn
  - Wade–Giles: han⁴-tan⁴
  - Yale: hàn-dàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hanndann
  - Palladius: ханьдань (xanʹdanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ tän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: haam⁵ daam⁶
  - Yale: háahm daahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haam⁵ daam⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ham⁵ dam⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːm¹³ taːm²²/

Middle Chinese: homX domX

Rime
Character	菡	萏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	胡感切	徒感切
Baxter	homX	domX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʌm^X/	/dʌm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦəm^X/	/dəm^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɒm^X/	/dɒm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəm^X/	/dəm^X/
Li Rong	/ɣᴀm^X/	/dᴀm^X/
Wang Li	/ɣɒm^X/	/dɒm^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣăm^X/	/dʱăm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hàn	dàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham⁶	daam⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːmʔ l'oːmʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	萏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dàn
Middle Chinese	‹ dom^X ›
Old Chinese	/*rˁomʔ/
English	菡萏 homX.domX lotus flower
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菡	萏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4866	13539
Phonetic component	函	臽
Rime group	侵	談
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	頷	禫
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːmʔ/	/*l'oːmʔ/

Noun

菡萏

(literary) lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), especially one that has not blossomed
- 彼澤之陂，有蒲菡萏。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  彼泽之陂，有蒲菡萏。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Bǐ zé zhī bēi, yǒu pú hàndàn. [Pinyin]
  By the shores of that marsh,
  There are rushes and lotus flowers.

Synonyms

水芝 (shuǐzhī) (literary)
水芙蓉 (shuǐfúróng)
芙蓉 (fúróng)
芙蕖 (fúqú) (literary)
荷花 (héhuā)
蓮／莲
蓮花／莲花 (liánhuā)
藕花 (ǒuhuā)

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