膳

膳	U+81B3, 膳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81B3

← 膲
[U+81B2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

膴 →
[U+81B4]

Translingual

Han character

膳 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月廿土口 (BTGR) or 月廿廿口 (BTTR), four-corner 7826₅, composition ⿰月善)

Derived characters

𧃇

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 995, character 1

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29891

Dae Jaweon: page 1446, character 15

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2113, character 11

Unihan data for U+81B3

Chinese

trad.		膳
simp. ^#		膳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 膳
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (善) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
橏	*tjenʔ
嫸	*tjenʔ
善	*ɡjenʔ
譱	*ɡjenʔ
蟮	*djanʔ
鱔	*djanʔ
僐	djenʔ, djens
鄯	djenʔ, djens
墡	*djenʔ
磰	*djenʔ
繕	*ɡjens
膳	*djens
饍	*djens

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djens) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 善 (OC *ɡjenʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shàn (shan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sin⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siān
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶zoe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shàn
  - Wade–Giles: shan⁴
  - Yale: shàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shann
  - Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sin⁶
  - Yale: sihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siān
  - Tâi-lô: siān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sien
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɛn²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɛn²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siɛn³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn³³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶zoe
  - MiniDict: zoe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zø²³/

Middle Chinese: dzyenH

Rime
Character	膳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	時戰切
Baxter	dzyenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑian^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛn^H/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sin⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*djens/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膳
Reading #	1/1
No.	11094
Phonetic component	善
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	繕
Old Chinese	/*djens/

Definitions

膳

^† to prepare food
^† to offer food
^† meal

Compounds

佐膳
供膳甘肥
問安視膳／问安视膳
嘗膳／尝膳
廩膳／廪膳
廩膳生員／廪膳生员
廩膳秀才／廪膳秀才
御膳 (yùshàn)
御膳房 (yùshànfáng)
早膳
晚膳 (wǎnshàn)
減膳／减膳
用膳 (yòngshàn)
膳堂 (shàntáng)
膳夫
膳宿 (shànsù)
膳房
膳費／膳费
膳食 (shànshí)
藥膳／药膳 (yàoshàn)
進膳／进膳 (jìnshàn)
配膳檯／配膳台
食膳
養膳／养膳

Japanese

膳 (zen): Meal trays arranged in rows

Kanji

膳

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

small table; tray

Readings

Go-on: ぜん (zen, Jōyō)
Kan-on: せん (sen)
Kun: そなえる (sonaeru, 膳える); かしわ (kashiwa, 膳); すすめる (susumeru)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
膳
ぜん Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

膳(ぜん) • (zen)

small Japanese meal tray
a prepared meal, (especially) food a drink arranged on such a tray

Counter

膳(ぜん) • (-zen)

pairs of chopsticks
bowls of rice

Korean

Hanja

膳 (eumhun 반찬 선 (banchan seon))
膳 (eumhun 선물 선 (seonmul seon))

Hanja form^? of 선 (“meal”).
Hanja form^? of 선 (“gift; present”).

Compounds

선물 (膳物, seonmul, “gift; present”)

Vietnamese

Han character

膳 (thiện)

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