經典

See also: 经典

Chinese

		classics; sacred book; pass through classics; sacred book; pass through; to undergo; scripture	canon; dictionary
trad. (經典)		經	典
simp. (经典)		经	典

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīngdiǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥㄉㄧㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ging¹ din²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): keng-tián

(Teochew, Peng'im): gêng¹ diang² / gian¹ diang²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīngdiǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥㄉㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jingdiǎn
  - Wade–Giles: ching¹-tien³
  - Yale: jīng-dyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingdean
  - Palladius: цзиндянь (czindjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ging¹ din²
  - Yale: gīng dín
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ging¹ din²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ging¹ din²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɪŋ⁵⁵ tiːn³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-tián
  - Tâi-lô: king-tián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kengdiern
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³ tiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gêng¹ diang² / gian¹ diang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng tiáng / kiaⁿ tiáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /keŋ³³⁻²³ tiaŋ⁵²/, /kĩã³³⁻²³ tiaŋ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: keng tenX

Rime
Character	經	典
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	古靈切	多殄切
Baxter	keng	tenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/keŋ/	/ten^X/
Pan Wuyun	/keŋ/	/ten^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛŋ/	/tɛn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛjŋ/	/tɛn^X/
Li Rong	/keŋ/	/ten^X/
Wang Li	/kieŋ/	/tien^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kieŋ/	/tien^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīng	diǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging¹	din²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k-lˤeŋ tˤə[r]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*keːŋ tɯːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	經	典
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīng	diǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ keng ›	‹ ten^X ›
Old Chinese	/*k-lˁeŋ/	/*tˁə[r]ʔ/
English	loom; regulate; norm	statute, norm
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	經	典
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	6799	2342
Phonetic component	巠	典
Rime group	耕	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	經	典
Old Chinese	/*keːŋ/	/*tɯːnʔ/

Noun

經典

(historical) Chinese classics; Chinese canonical texts
- 我國經典，未經整理，讀起來特別難，一般人往往望而生畏，結果是敬而遠之。 [MSC, trad.]
  我国经典，未经整理，读起来特别难，一般人往往望而生畏，结果是敬而远之。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1942, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 經典常談
  Wǒguó jīngdiǎn, wèijīng zhěnglǐ, dú qǐlái tèbié nán, yībānrén wǎngwǎng wàng'érshēngwèi, jiéguǒ shì jìng'éryuǎnzhī. [Pinyin]
  Chinese classics are difficult to read uncollated. Ordinary people are often terrified by the sight of them, and prefer to remain at a respectful distance.
(religion) religious scripture
佛教經典／佛教经典 ― fójiào jīngdiǎn ― Buddhist scriptures
(by extension) classics; masterpiece; masterwork
奉為經典／奉为经典 ― fèngwéi jīngdiǎn ― to regard something as canon

米高梅倒閉了，我們還有經典的電影可以看嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
米高梅倒闭了，我们还有经典的电影可以看吗？ [MSC, simp.]
Mǐgāoméi dǎobì le, wǒmen háiyǒu jīngdiǎn de diànyǐng kěyǐ kàn ma? [Pinyin]
After Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer went bankrupt, do we still have classic films to watch?

Synonyms

(Chinese classics): (literary) 正經／正经 (zhèngjīng)
(religious scripture): 經卷／经卷 (jīngjuàn)

Derived terms

大乘經典／大乘经典

Adjective

經典

classic; classical; authoritative; definitive; outstanding
classic; traditional; original
經典版／经典版 ― jīngdiǎn bǎn ― classic edition

四種好吃的雞肉經典做法 [MSC, trad.]
四种好吃的鸡肉经典做法 [MSC, simp.]
sì zhǒng hǎochī de jīròu jīngdiǎn zuòfǎ [Pinyin]
four classic ways to cook chicken that are delicious

Derived terms

經典之作／经典之作
經典力學／经典力学 (jīngdiǎn lìxué)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (經典):

→ Japanese: 経(きょう)典(てん) (kyōten); 経(きょう)典(でん) (kyōden); 経(けい)典(てん) (keiten)
→ Korean: 경전(經典) (gyeongjeon)
→ Vietnamese: kinh điển (經典)

See also

(not to be confused with) 古典 (gǔdiǎn)

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