U+67EF, 柯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67EF

[U+67EE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+67F0]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 75, +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木一弓口 (DMNR), four-corner 41920, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 520, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14658
  • Dae Jaweon: page 908, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1178, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+67EF

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kaːl) : semantic (tree) + phonetic (OC *kʰaːlʔ).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
alternative forms ancient

Same word as (OC *kaːl, “mooring post for a boat”) and related to (OC *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls, “a pair of wheels upon an axle tree”); perhaps related to (OC *kaːns, “stem, support”) but distinct from 竿 (OC *kaːn, “pole”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note:
  • koa - vernacular (surname);
  • kho - literary.
    Note:
    • gua1 - vernacular (surname);
    • ko1 - literary.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (94)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter ka
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kɑ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kɑ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kɑ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ka/
    Li
    Rong
    /kɑ/
    Wang
    Li
    /kɑ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /kɑ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    go1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ka ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[k]ˁar/
    English axe-handle

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7433
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kaːl/

    Definitions

    1. (literary) axe handle
    2. (literary) stalk; branch
    3. a surname
         Wénzhé   Ko Wen-je (Taiwanese politician)
    4. Short for 柯爾克孜柯尔克孜 (kē'ěrkèzī, “Kyrgyz (the people, language, etc.)”).
    5. Lithocarpus; stone oak
    Descendants
    • English: Ke, Ko, Ker, Or, O, Quah, Qua, Kuah, Kua, Kwa
    • Tagalog: Cua (via Hokkien)

    Compounds

    Etymology 2

    simp. and trad.
    alternative forms

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation


    Definitions

    1. (Hokkien, of fruits, vegetable, etc.) fibrous; stringy; tough; withered
    2. (Teochew) dry; dried up; unmoist
    3. (Hokkien) lost one's youthfulness; old

    Etymology 3

    simp. and trad.

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation

    Definitions

    1. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) copper coin
    2. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) yuan (unit of currency)
    Synonyms

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings

    • Go-on: (ka)
    • Kan-on: (ka)
    • Kun: (e, )

    Korean

    Hanja

    • (ga) (hangeul , revised ga, McCuneReischauer ka, Yale ka)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: kha

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References

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