從來

See also: 従来 and 从来

Chinese

		from; obey; observe from; obey; observe; follow; second cousin; lax; yielding; unhurried	to come
trad. (從來)		從	來
simp. (从来)		从	来

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cónglái

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄞˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cung⁴ loi⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhiùng-lòi

(Meixian, Guangdong): qiung² loi²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chiông-lâi / chn̂g-lâi / chêng-lâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): cong⁵ lai⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cónglái
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄞˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cónglái
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻung²-lai²
  - Yale: tsúng-lái
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsornglai
  - Palladius: цунлай (cunlaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: cung⁴ loi⁴
  - Yale: chùhng lòih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsung⁴ loi⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cung⁴ loi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    從來／从来
    重來／重来
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiùng-lòi
  - Hakka Romanization System: qiungˇ loiˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qiung² loi²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯uŋ¹¹ loi̯¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: qiung² loi²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰiʊŋ¹¹ loɪ¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiông-lâi
  - Tâi-lô: tsiông-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cionglaai
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chn̂g-lâi
  - Tâi-lô: tsn̂g-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: znglaai
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sŋ̍¹³⁻²² lai¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chêng-lâi
  - Tâi-lô: tsîng-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zenglaai
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cong⁵ lai⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshông lâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lai⁵⁵/

Adverb

從來

from the past until the present; all along; ever; never (when used with a negated verb)
從來沒有化過妝的人 [MSC, trad.]
从来没有化过妆的人 [MSC, simp.]
cónglái méiyǒu huà guò zhuāng de rén [Pinyin]
a person who has never put on makeup before

從來如此。／从来如此。 ― Cónglái rúcǐ. ― This has always been the case.

從來沒有人如此關心我。 [MSC, trad.]
从来没有人如此关心我。 [MSC, simp.]
Cónglái méiyǒu rén rúcǐ guānxīn wǒ. [Pinyin]
No one has ever cared about me like that before.

為什麼我的父母從來不為我考慮？ [MSC, trad.]
为什么我的父母从来不为我考虑？ [MSC, simp.]
Wèishénme wǒ de fùmǔ cónglái bù wèi wǒ kǎolǜ? [Pinyin]
Why don't mum and dad ever take me into consideration?

我從來沒有想到他是那本小說的作者。 [MSC, trad.]
我从来没有想到他是那本小说的作者。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ cónglái méiyǒu xiǎngdào tā shì nà běn xiǎoshuō de zuòzhě. [Pinyin]
It never occurred to me that he was the author of that novel.

Synonyms

一向 (yīxiàng)
一直 (yīzhí)
一貫／一贯 (yīguàn)
一路 (yīlù)
一路來／一路来 (Xiang)
不嬲 (bat¹ lau¹) (Cantonese)
取總／取总 (qü³ zong³) (Sichuanese)
向來／向来 (xiànglái)
始終／始终 (shǐzhōng)
少來／少来 (shǎolái) (literary)
從到今／从到今 (Hokkien)
歷來／历来 (lìlái)
牢牢 (láoláo) (literary)
直直 (Hokkien)
素來／素来 (sùlái) (literary)
終始／终始 (zhōngshǐ)
跇頭／跇头 (Eastern Min)
透底 (Eastern Min, Taiwanese Hokkien)

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