幽默

Chinese

		quiet; secluded	silent; write from memory
trad. (幽默)		幽	默
simp. ^#(幽默)		幽	默

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yōumò

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡㄇㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau¹ mak⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yû-me̍t
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iu-bia̍k / iu-be̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): hiun¹ mig⁸
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹ieu-meq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yōumò
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡㄇㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: youmò
  - Wade–Giles: yu¹-mo⁴
  - Yale: yōu-mwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ioumoh
  - Palladius: юмо (jumo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau¹ mak⁶
  - Yale: yāu mahk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹ mak⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹ meg⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵ mɐk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû-me̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: iu´ med
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹ med⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ met̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû-me̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu´ med
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹ med⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ met̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iu-bia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: iu-bia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iu'biak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iu³³ biak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iu-be̍k
  - Tâi-lô: iu-bi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iu'bek
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu⁴⁴⁻²² biɪk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iu⁴⁴⁻²² biɪk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hiun¹ mig⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiuⁿ mi̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hĩũ³³⁻²³ mik̚⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹ieu-meq
  - MiniDict: ieu^平 meh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ieu-meq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /iɤ⁵⁵ məʔ²¹/

Middle Chinese: 'jiw mok

Rime
Character	幽	默
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	幽 (138)	登 (131)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	於虯切	莫北切
Baxter	'jiw	mok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiɪu/	/mək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨu/	/mək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔieu/	/mək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔjiw/	/mək̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiĕu/	/mək̚/
Wang Li	/iəu/	/mək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔieu/	/mək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yōu	mò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau¹	mak⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qɯw mlɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	幽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yōu
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjiw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ʔ](r)iw/
English	dark; secluded
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	幽	默
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14620	5107
Phonetic component	幽	黑
Rime group	幽	職
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	幽	墨
Old Chinese	/*qɯw/	/*mlɯːɡ/
Notes	甲金文從火從二幺會意火微

Etymology 1

Of native origin, as the combination of 幽 (yōu, “dark”) and 默 (mò, “quiet”); attested in the Chu Ci (《楚辭·九章·懷沙》).

眴兮杳杳，孔靜幽默。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

眴兮杳杳，孔静幽默。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

Xuàn xī yǎoyǎo, kǒng jìng yōumò. [Pinyin]

Wherever I see, it is dark and empty, amid total silence.

Adjective

幽默

(archaic) quiet; tranquil

Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of English humor, by linguist Lin Yutang in 1924.

Adjective

幽默

humorous

Synonyms

可笑 (kěxiào)
好笑 (hǎoxiào)
搞笑 (gǎoxiào)
滑稽
詼諧／诙谐 (huīxié)
風趣／风趣 (fēngqù)

Noun

幽默

humor; hilarity

Derived terms

幽默感 (yōumògǎn)
黑色幽默 (hēisè yōumò)

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