天井

Chinese
day; sky; heaven warn; well
simp. and trad.
(天井)		 天 井

Pronunciation

Note:
  • tin1 zeng2 - vernacular;
  • tin1 zing2 - literary.

Noun

天井

  1. courtyard; patio
  2. atrium

Synonyms
  • (courtyard):

Proper noun

天井

  1. (～村) Tianjing (a village in Sanhe, Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
天 井
てん
Grade: 1		 しょう > じょう
Grade: 4
on’yomi
天井 (tenjō): a ceiling.

Etymology

*/tenzjau/ → /tenʑjɔː/ → /tend͡ʑoː/

From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Middle Chinese 天井 (MC then tsjengX). First cited in Old Japanese to a work from 759.[1]

The word is literally spelled 天 (“heaven, sky”) + 井 (“well, wellhead”), in reference to the way that ceiling beams were arranged in the shape of a wellhead. See also Ancient_Chinese_wooden_architecture on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Pronunciation

Noun

天(てん)井(じょう) • (tenjō) ←てんじやう (tenzyau)?

  1. [from 759] ceiling
  2. [from 1400s] the highest place inside an object
  3. [from 1814] (by extension) the top price of something

Antonyms

Coordinate terms

Derived terms
  • 丸天(まるてん)井(じょう) (maru tenjō)
  • 光天(ひかりてん)井(じょう) (hikari tenjō)
  • 大天(おおてん)井(じょう) (ō tenjō)
  • 天(てん)井(じょう)クレーン (tenjō kurēn)
  • 天(てん)井価(じょうか)格(かく) (tenjō kakaku)
  • 天(てん)井値(じょうね) (tenjō ne)
  • 天(てん)井守(じょうまもり) (tenjō mamori)
  • 天(てん)井川(じょうがわ) (tenjō gawa)
  • 天(てん)井抜(じょうぬ)け (tenjō nuke)
  • 天(てん)井掴(じょうつか)み底(そこ)たたき (tenjō tsukami sokotataki)
  • 天(てん)井板(じょういた) (tenjō ita)
  • 天(てん)井桟敷(じょうさじき) (tenjō sajiki)
  • 天(てん)井画(じょうが) (tenjō ga)
  • 天(てん)井知(じょうし)らず (tenjō shirazu)
  • 天(てん)井裏(じょううら) (tenjō ura)
  • 天(てん)井走(じょうそう)行起(こうき)重(じゅう)機(き) (tenjō sōkō kijūki)
  • 天(てん)井長押(じょうなげし) (tenjō nageshi)
  • 小組(こぐ)み格天(ごうてん)井(じょう) (kogumi gōtenjō)
  • 平(ひら)縁天(ぶちてん)井(じょう) (hirabuchi tenjō)
  • 彼岸底彼岸天(ひがんぞこひがんてん)井(じょう) (higan zoko higantenjō)
  • 折(お)り上(あ)げ天(てん)井(じょう) (oriage tenjō)
  • 掛(か)け込(こ)み天(てん)井(じょう) (kakekomi tenjō)
  • 格天(ごうてん)井(じょう) (gō tenjō)
  • 猿(さる)頬天(ぼおてん)井(じょう) (sarubō tenjō)
  • 節(せつ)分天(ぶんてん)井(じょう) (setsubun tenjō)
  • 組(く)み入(い)れ天(てん)井(じょう) (kumīre tenjō)
  • 組(く)み天(てん)井(じょう) (kumi tenjō)
  • 網代天(あじろてん)井(じょう) (ajiro tenjō)
  • 船(ふな)底天(ぞこてん)井(じょう) (funazoko tenjō)
  • 落(お)ち天(てん)井(じょう) (ochi tenjō)
  • 落(お)とし天(てん)井(じょう) (otoshi tenjō)
  • 野天(のてん)井(じょう) (no tenjō)
  • 釣(つ)り天(てん)井(じょう) (tsuri tenjō)
  • 鏡天(かがみてん)井(じょう) (kagami tenjō)
  • 青天(あおてん)井(じょう) (ao tenjō)

References
  1. “天井”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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