困

See also: 睏

困	U+56F0, 困 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56F0

← 囯
[U+56EF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

囱 →
[U+56F1]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

困 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田木 (WD) or 難田木 (XWD), four-corner 6090₄, composition ⿴囗木)

Derived characters

梱, 捆, 涃, 悃, 焑, 祵硱, 睏, 稇, 裍, 綑齫, 閫(阃)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 217, character 20

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4717

Dae Jaweon: page 445, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 714, character 7

Unihan data for U+56F0

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 困
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (困) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
硱	kʰɯŋ, kʰuːnʔ
梱	ŋɡuːn, kʰuːnʔ
捆	*kʰuːnʔ
綑	*kʰuːnʔ
閫	*kʰuːnʔ
悃	*kʰuːnʔ
稛	*kʰuːnʔ
裍	*kʰuːnʔ
齫	*kʰuːnʔ
困	*kʰuːns
涃	*kʰuːns

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 囗 (“surround”) + 木 (“wood”). Probably the original form of 梱 (OC *ŋɡuːn, *kʰuːnʔ, “doorsill”) and 閫 (OC *kʰuːnʔ, “doorsill”).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		困

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kùn (kun⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan³, wan³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khun

(Meixian, Guangdong): kun⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): káung
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khùn

(Teochew, Peng'im): kung³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵khuen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kùn
  - Wade–Giles: kʻun⁴
  - Yale: kwùn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuenn
  - Palladius: кунь (kunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kwan³, wan³
  - Yale: kwan, wan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kwan³, wan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: kuen³, wen³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐn³³/, /wɐn³³/

Note: wan3 - vernacular.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khun
  - Hakka Romanization System: kun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰun⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: kun⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰun⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: káung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɑuŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khùn
  - Tâi-lô: khùn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: quxn
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰun¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kʰun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kʰun²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kung³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵khuen
  - MiniDict: khuen^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²khun
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰuən³⁴/

Middle Chinese: khwonH

Rime
Character	困
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦悶切
Baxter	khwonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuən^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuon^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwən^H/
Li Rong	/kʰuən^H/
Wang Li	/kʰuən^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kùn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰˤu[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	困
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kùn
Middle Chinese	‹ khwon^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰˁu[n]-s/
English	obstruct; distress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	困
Reading #	1/1
No.	7554
Phonetic component	困
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	困
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːns/

Definitions

困

to surround; to besiege
to be surrounded; to be trapped
困𨋢／困䢂 [Cantonese] ― wan³ lip¹ [Jyutping] ― to be trapped in an elevator
(Cantonese) to lock up; to detain
- 1965, “最緊要好玩 (攪笑版)”, in 最緊要好玩, performed by 許冠傑, 泰迪羅賓, and 徐克:
  
  屋企各人困青山 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
  uk¹ kei² gok³ jan⁴ wan³ cing¹ saan¹ [Jyutping]
  all of my family members are stuck in the loony bin
difficult
47th hexagram of the I Ching
(Teochew, Hainanese) hungry

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 餓 (“hungry”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		飢, 餓
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		餓, 飢餓
Mandarin	Beijing	餓
	Taiwan	餓
	Tianjin	餓
	Chengde	餓
	Tangshan	餓
	Cangzhou	餓
	Baoding	餓
	Shijiazhuang	餓
	Chifeng	餓
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	餓
	Heihe	餓
	Qiqihar	餓
	Harbin	餓
	Jiamusi	餓
	Baicheng	餓
	Changchun	餓
	Tonghua	餓
	Shenyang	餓
	Dandong	餓
	Jinzhou	餓
	Dalian	餓
	Yantai	餓, 飢困
	Qingdao	餓, 飢困
	Lijin	飢困
	Jinan	餓
	Jining	餓
	Shangqiu	餓, 飢
	Yuanyang	餓
	Zhengzhou	飢
	Lingbao	飢
	Xinyang	餓
	Baihe	餓
	Hanzhong	餓
	Xi'an	飢, 餓
	Baoji	飢
	Yinchuan	餓
	Tianshui	餓
	Lanzhou	餓
	Dunhuang	餓
	Xining	餓
	Hami	餓
	Ürümqi	餓
	Wuhan	餓
	Yichang	餓
	Xiangyang	餓
	Tianmen	餓
	Hong'an	餓
	Chengdu	餓
	Nanchong	餓
	Dazhou	餓
	Hanyuan	餓
	Xichang	餓
	Zigong	餓
	Chongqing	餓
	Guiyang	餓
	Zunyi	餓
	Bijie	餓
	Liping	餓
	Zhaotong	餓
	Dali	餓
	Kunming	餓
	Mengzi	餓
	Guilin	餓
	Liuzhou	餓
Jishou	餓
Changde	餓
Anqing	餓
Xuzhou	餓
Fuyang	餓
Yangzhou	餓
Lianyungang	餓
Lianshui	餓
Nanjing	餓
Hefei	餓
Nantong	餓
Singapore	餓
Cantonese	Guangzhou	肚餓, 餓
	Hong Kong	肚餓, 餓
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	肚餓
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	肚餓
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	肚胈餓
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	肚胈餓
	Macau	餓
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	肚餓
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	肚餓
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	肚餓
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	肚餓
	Foshan	肚餓
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	肚餓
	Foshan (Shunde)	餓
	Foshan (Sanshui)	肚餓
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	肚餓
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	餓
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	餓
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	肚餓
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	肚餓
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	肚飢
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	肚餓
	Taishan	肚飢
	Kaiping (Chikan)	肚餓
	Enping (Niujiang)	肚餓
	Heshan (Yayao)	肚餓
	Dongguan	屎肚餓
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	肚餓
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	餓
	Shaoguan	肚餓
	Yunfu	肚餓
	Yangjiang	餓
	Xinyi	肚餓
	Lianjiang	肚餓
	Nanning	肚餓
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	飢
	Hepu (Shatian)	飢, 餓
	Beihai	餓
	Beihai (Nankang)	餓
	Beihai (Yingpan)	飢
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	肚餓
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	肚餓
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	肚餓
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	餓
	Singapore (Guangfu)	餓, 肚餓
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	餓
	Móng Cái	肚餓
Gan	Nanchang	餓
Hakka	Meixian	肚飢, 餓
	Xingning	餓
	Dabu (Xihe)	豺
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	肚胈餓
	Huidong (Daling)	餓
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	肚胈餓
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	肚胈餓
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	餓
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	肚𤸁
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	肚飢, 肚胈餓
	Wuhua (Changbu)	肚胈飢
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	肚𤸁
	Wuhua (Meilin)	𤸁
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	肚飢
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	肚胈餓
	Conghua (Lütian)	餓
	Jiexi	肚屎𤸁
	Changting	腹飢, 餓
	Yongding	肚飢
	Yongding (Xiayang)	豺
	Yongding (Hukeng)	肚飢
	Wuping	肚飢
	Wuping (Pingyu)	肚飢
	Liancheng	腹飢
	Liancheng (Peitian)	腹底飢, 腹飢, 餓
	Liancheng (Juxi)	腹裡飢, 腹飢, 飢
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	腹飢
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	腹飢, 餓肚屎, 肚屎空
	Ninghua	腹飢
	Ruijin	肚飢, 肚籮捏飢
	Shicheng	肚飢
	Shangyou (Shexi)	肚飢
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	肚飢, 肚枵
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	肚飢
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	肚屎枵, 肚枵
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	肚飢, 肚屎枵, 肚枵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	肚屎枵, 肚枵
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	屎肚枵
	Hong Kong	餓
	Sabah (Longchuan)	肚胈餓
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	肚餓
	Senai (Huiyang)	餓
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	肚屎枵, 肚屎飢, 𤸁
	Singkawang	肚屎飢
	Bangkok (Meixian)	肚飢
	Bangkok (Fengshun)	肚𤸁
Huizhou	Shexian	餓
Jin	Taiyuan	餓
	Yangyuan	餓, 飢
	Datong	飢
	Xinzhou	餓
	Lishi	餓
	Linfen	飢
	Changzhi	飢
	Linhe	餓
	Jining	餓
	Hohhot	餓
	Erenhot	餓, 飢
	Pingshan	餓
	Zhangjiakou	餓
	Handan	餓, 飢
	Linzhou	飢
	Suide	餓
Northern Min	Jian'ou	腹飢, 餓
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	空, 枵 dated
Southern Min	Xiamen	枵
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	腹肚枵
	Quanzhou	枵
	Shishi	枵
	Zhangzhou	枵
	Zhao'an	枵, 腹肚枵
	Taipei (Wanhua)	枵
	Kaohsiung	枵
	Yilan	枵
	Changhua (Lukang)	枵
	Taichung	枵
	Taichung (Wuqi)	枵
	Tainan	枵
	Taitung	枵
	Hsinchu	枵
	Penghu (Magong)	枵
	Penang (Hokkien)	枵
	Singapore (Hokkien)	枵, 腹肚枵
	Manila (Hokkien)	枵, 腹肚枵
	Chaozhou	枵, 肚困, 肚枵
	Shantou	肚困, 枵
	Shantou (Chenghai)	肚困, 枵
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	肚困
	Jieyang	枵
	Haifeng	肚枵
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	枵
	Singapore (Teochew)	肚困, 枵
	Wenchang	肚困
	Haikou	困, 肚困
	Singapore (Hainanese)	困, 肚困
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	肚餓
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	餓, 肚餓
Wu	Shanghai	餓
	Suzhou	餓
	Ningbo	肚飢
	Wenzhou	餓
	Jinhua	肚飢
Xiang	Changsha	餓, 䐬
Xiang	Shuangfeng	肚䐬, 餓 intensified

Compounds

上下交困
乏困 (fákùn)
交困 (jiāokùn)
人困馬乏／人困马乏 (rénkùn-mǎfá)
偃蹇困窮／偃蹇困穷
內外交困／内外交困 (nèiwàijiāokùn)
兵疲馬困／兵疲马困
力困筋乏
勞困／劳困
受困 (shòukùn)
困乏 (kùnfá)
困人
困住 (kùnzhù)
困倦 (kùnjuàn)
困厄 (kùn'è)
困境 (kùnjìng)
困學／困学
困守
困局 (kùnjú)
困心衡慮／困心衡虑
困惑 (kùnhuò)
困憊／困惫
困擾／困扰 (kùnrǎo)
困歇
困滯／困滞
困獸／困兽 (kùnshòu)
困獸之鬥／困兽之斗
困獸猶鬥／困兽犹斗
困畏
困知勉行
困窘 (kùnjiǒng)
困窮／困穷 (kùnqióng)
困苦 (kùnkǔ)
困處／困处 (kùnchǔ)
困處泥塗／困处泥涂
困覺／困觉 (kùnjiào)
困話／困话
困蹙
困躓／困踬
困阨
困阻
困隘
困難／困难
困頓／困顿 (kùndùn)
困騰騰／困腾腾
困鬥／困斗
國困民艱／国困民艰
國窮民困／国穷民困
圍困／围困 (wéikùn)
坐困 (zuòkùn)
坐困愁城
孱困
形疲神困
急人之困
扶危救困
扶危濟困／扶危济困
救困扶危 (jiù kùn fúwēi)
昏困
春困
春困秋乏
潛蛟困鳳／潜蛟困凤
濟困扶危／济困扶危
疲困 (píkùn)
皮困秋
禽困覆車／禽困覆车
窘困 (jiǒngkùn)
窮困／穷困 (qióngkùn)
紓困／纾困 (shūkùn)
肚困
脫困／脱困 (tuōkùn)
艱困／艰困
解困 (jiěkùn)
貧困／贫困 (pínkùn)
軟困／软困
酒困
顛連困苦／颠连困苦
飢困／饥困
龍困淺灘／龙困浅滩

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 困 – see 睏 (“sleepy; tired; to sleep”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 睏).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

“困”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

困

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

trouble

Readings

Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
Kun: こまる (komaru, 困る, Jōyō); くるしむ (kurushimu, 困しむ)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ko̞n]
Phonetic hangul: [곤]

Hanja

Wikisource 困 (eumhun 괴로울 곤 (goeroul gon))

Hanja form^? of 경 (“suffer”).
Hanja form^? of 경 (“surround, besiege”).

Vietnamese

Han character

困: Hán Nôm readings: khốn, khuôn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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