嚚

嚚	U+569A, 嚚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-569A

← 嚙
[U+5699]

CJK Unified Ideographs

嚛 →
[U+569B]

Translingual

Han character

嚚 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+15, 18 strokes, cangjie input 口口尸中口 (RRSLR), four-corner 6666₁, composition ⿳吅臣吅)

Derived characters

𧄤, 𡅚

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 212, character 43

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4518

Dae Jaweon: page 435, character 26

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 699, character 19

Unihan data for U+569A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		嚚
alternative forms		𡂨𡓶𡅚𠽺𠿦𡂨𡓶𡅚𠽺𠿦𡁬

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 嚚
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (臣) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
臤	kʰaːn, kʰriːn, ɡiːn, kʰins
掔	kʰriːn, kʰiːn
慳	*kʰriːn
藖	ɡriːn, ɡriːns
堅	*kiːn
鋻	kiːn, kiːns
鰹	*kiːn
蜸	*kʰiːnʔ
菣	kʰiːns, kʰins
賢	*ɡiːn
礥	ɡiːn, ɢrin
臔	*ɡiːnʔ
挋	*kiŋs
臣	*ɡiŋ
茞	*ɡiŋ
腎	*ɡjinʔ
頣	*hŋiŋʔ
緊	*kinʔ
嚚	*ŋɡriŋ
鏗	*kʰreːŋ
摼	*kʰreːŋ
硻	*kʰreːŋ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yín (yin²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yín
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yín
  - Wade–Giles: yin²
  - Yale: yín
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
  - Palladius: инь (inʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ngan⁴
  - Yale: ngàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐn²¹/

Middle Chinese: ngin

Rime
Character	嚚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	語巾切
Baxter	ngin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚin/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋien/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋjin/
Li Rong	/ŋjĕn/
Wang Li	/ŋǐĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngan⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋɡriŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嚚
Reading #	1/1
No.	1349
Phonetic component	臣
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	銀
Old Chinese	/*ŋɡriŋ/

Definitions

嚚

(archaic, literary) foolish and obstinate
- 父頑母嚚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  父顽母嚚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE
  Fù wán mǔ yín. [Pinyin]
  The father is obstinate and foolish; as is the mother.
(archaic, literary) treacherous; cunning
- 口不道忠信之言為嚚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  口不道忠信之言为嚚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE
  Kǒu bù dào zhōngxìn zhī yán wéi yín. [Pinyin]
  Someone treacherous is someone who never speaks with devotion or faithfulness.

Compounds

嚚猾
嚚瘖
嚚訟／嚚讼
嚚闇／嚚暗

References

“嚚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

嚚

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): ぎん (gin); ごん (gon); がん (gan); げん (gen)

Kun: わるい (warui); おろか (oroka); つれない (tsurenai)

Korean

Hanja

嚚 (eum 은 (eun))

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Vietnamese

Han character

嚚: Hán Nôm readings: ngân

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