信じる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
しん
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Etymology

Shift from 信ずる (shinzuru).[1][2] Natural progression from サ行変格活用 (sagyō henkaku katsuyō, s-irregular conjugation) verbs ending in -uru to 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, upper monograde conjugation) verbs ending in -iru.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) んじ [shìńjíꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɕĩɲ̟d͡ʑiɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "信じる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
信じる んじ [shìńjíꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 信じろ んじ [shìńjíꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive 信じられる んじられ [shìńjíráréꜜrù]
Causative 信じさせる んじさせ [shìńjísáséꜜrù]
Potential 信じられる んじられ [shìńjíráréꜜrù]
Volitional 信じよう んじよ [shìńjíyóꜜò]
Negative 信じない んじない [shìńjíꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 信じなかった んじなかった [shìńjíꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 信じます んじま [shìńjímáꜜsù]
Perfective 信じた んじた [shíꜜǹjìtà]
Conjunctive 信じて んじて [shíꜜǹjìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 信じれば んじれば [shìńjíꜜrèbà]

Verb

(しん)じる • (shinjiru) transitive ichidan (stem (しん) (shinji), past (しん)じた (shinjita))

  1. to believe
    ()(きゅう)(まる)ものとは(しん)られていなかった。
    Chikyū wa marui mono da to wa shinji rarete inakatta.
    The Earth wasn't believed to be round.
  2. to trust
    Synonym: 信頼する (shinrai suru)
    (ひと)(しん)じる
    hito o shinjiru
    to trust a person
  3. to believe in (God, etc.)
    (わたし)(かみ)(しん)じない
    Watashi wa kami o shinjinai.
    I don't believe in God.

Conjugation

Derived terms

  • (しん)() (shinjikomu)
  • (しん)じられない (shinjirarenai)
  • (みみ)(しん)じて()(うたが) (mimi o shinjite me o utagau)

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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