代名詞

See also: 代名词

Chinese

		to substitute; to replace	noun; term; expression noun; term; expression; phrase
trad. (代名詞)		代	名詞
simp. (代名词)		代	名词

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dàimíngcí

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄘˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): doi⁶ ming⁴ ci⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-bêng-sû / tāi-bêng-sîr

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàimíngcí
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄘˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàimíngcíh
  - Wade–Giles: tai⁴-ming²-tzʻŭ²
  - Yale: dài-míng-tsź
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daymingtsyr
  - Palladius: дайминцы (dajmincy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹ miŋ³⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: doi⁶ ming⁴ ci⁴
  - Yale: doih mìhng chìh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: doi⁶ ming⁴ tsi⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: doi⁶ ming⁴ qi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔːi̯²² mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰiː²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-bêng-sû
  - Tâi-lô: tāi-bîng-sû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daixbengsuu
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ biɪŋ¹³⁻²² su¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ biɪŋ²³⁻³³ su²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-bêng-sîr
  - Tâi-lô: tāi-bîng-sîr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² sɯ²⁴/

Noun

代名詞

(grammar) pronoun
- 比如，把代名詞從名詞裡分出來，按照依句辨品的理論是沒有根據的，因為名詞和代名詞都是可以作主語和賓語的詞。 [MSC, trad.]
  比如，把代名词从名词里分出来，按照依句辨品的理论是没有根据的，因为名词和代名词都是可以作主语和宾语的词。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1954, Lü Shuxiang, 《关于汉语词类的一些原则性问题》 [Some Fundamental Issues Concerning the Parts of Speech in Chinese], in 《中国语文》, →ISSN
  Bǐrú, bǎ dàimíngcí cóng míngcí lǐ fēn chūlái, ànzhào yījùbiànpǐn de lǐlùn shì méiyǒu gēnjù de, yīnwèi míngcí hé dàimíngcí dōu shì kěyǐ zuò zhǔyǔ hé bīnyǔ de cí. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(semantics) synonym
- 在不少大陸人眼中，臺灣人的說話方式一直是「娘」的代名詞。 [MSC, trad.]
  在不少大陆人眼中，台湾人的说话方式一直是「娘」的代名词。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 2019 March 26, 郑子宁 (Zhen Zining), 《台湾腔为什么这么“娘”》, in 《国防时报》, page 21
  Zài bùshào dàlùrén yǎnzhōng, táiwānrén de shuōhuà fāngshì yīzhí shì “niáng” de dàimíngcí. [Pinyin]
  In the eyes of many Chinese mainlanders, the way Taiwanese people speak is always synonymous to "effiminate."

Synonyms

(pronoun): 代詞／代词 (dàicí)
(synonym):

同義詞／同义词 (tóngyìcí)
近義詞／近义词 (jìnyìcí) (near-synonym)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “synonym”):

反義詞／反义词 (fǎnyìcí)

Derived terms

不定代名詞／不定代名词 (bùdìng dàimíngcí)
人稱代名詞／人称代名词 (rénchēng dàimíngcí)
關係代名詞／关系代名词 (guānxì dàimíngcí)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (代名詞):

→ Japanese: 代(だい)名(めい)詞(し) (daimeishi)
→ Korean: 대명사(代名詞) (daemyeongsa)
→ Vietnamese: đại danh từ (代名詞)

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term
代	名	詞
だい Grade: 3	めい Grade: 1	し Grade: 6
on’yomi

From 代 (dai, “replacement”) +‎ 名詞 (meishi, “noun”), as it stands in for a noun.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) だいめーし [dàíméꜜèshì] (Nakadaka – [3])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [da̠ime̞ːɕi]

Noun

代(だい)名(めい)詞(し) • (daimeishi)

(grammar) pronoun
(figurative) synonym

Derived terms

人代名詞 (jindaimeishi): personal pronoun
関係代名詞 (kankei daimeishi): relative pronoun
疑問代名詞 (gimon daimeishi): interrogative pronoun
再帰代名詞 (saiki daimeishi): reflexive pronoun
指示代名詞 (shiji daimeishi): demonstrative pronoun
対称代名詞 (taishō daimeishi): second-person pronoun
反射代名詞 (honsha daimeishi): reflexive pronoun (in Japanese grammar only)
反照代名詞 (honshō daimeishi): reflexive pronoun (in Japanese grammar only)
人称代名詞 (ninshō daimeishi): personal pronoun
一人称代名詞 (ichininshō daimeishi): first person pronoun
二人称代名詞 (nininshō daimeishi): second person pronoun
三人称代名詞 (sanninshō daimeishi): third person pronoun

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
代	名	詞

Noun

代名詞 • (daemyeongsa) (hangeul 대명사)

Hanja form^? of 대명사 (“pronoun”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
代	名	詞

Noun

代名詞

chữ Hán form of đại danh từ (“pronoun”).

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