ἡμεῖς
Ancient Greek
| case | singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| str. | encl. | str. | str. | |
| nominative | ἐγώ | νώ, νῶϊ | ἡμεῖς | |
| genitive | ἐμοῦ | μου | νῷν | ἡμῶν |
| dative | ἐμοί | μοι | νῷν | ἡμῖν |
| accusative | ἐμέ | με | νώ, νῶϊ | ἡμᾶς |
| adjective | ἐμός | νωΐτερος | ἡμέτερος | |
Alternative forms
- ᾱ̔μές (hāmés) — Doric, Boeotian
- ᾰ̓́μμες (ámmes) — Epic, Lesbian
- ᾰ̓μμές (ammés) — Thessalian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European oblique *n̥sm- (from *éǵh₂), with regular Attic-Ionic η- (ē-) < ᾱ- (ā-) and initial ῾ (h) from ῡ̔μεῖς (hūmeîs).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hɛː.mêːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /(h)e̝ˈmis/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /iˈmis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /iˈmis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /iˈmis/
Usage notes
When unemphatic, sometimes accented ἥμων, ἧμιν, etc. in poetry. Singular and dual are ἐγώ (egṓ) and νώ (nṓ).
Inflection
| Case / # | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡμεῖς / ᾰ̓́μμες hēmeîs / ámmes | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | ἡμείων / ἡμέων hēmeíōn / hēméōn | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ἡμῖν / ᾰ̓́μμῐ / ᾰ̓́μμῐν hēmîn / ámmi(n) | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | ἡμέᾰς / ᾰ̓́μμε hēméas / ámme | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ᾱ̔μές hāmés | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | ᾱ̔μέων / ᾱ̔μίων / ᾱ̔μῶν hāméōn / hāmíōn / hāmôn | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ᾱ̔μίν / ἇμῐν hāmín / hâmin | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | ᾱ̔μέ hāmé | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ᾱ̔μές hāmés | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | ᾱ̔μίων hāmíōn | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ᾱ̔μίν hāmín | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | ᾱ̔μέ hāmé | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ᾰ̓μμές ammés | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | ᾰ̓μμέουν amméoun | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ᾰ̓μμίν ammín | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | ᾰ̓μμέ ammé | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Further reading
- “ἐγώ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἡμεῖς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἡμεῖς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἡμεῖς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G2249 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 325, 325 D
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- “ἡμεῖς”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
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