हन्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰḗn, from the root *gʷʰen- (to strike, slay).

Adjective

हन् • (hán) stem

  1. (At the end of a compound) killing, striking, slaying
Declension
Masculine an-stem declension of हन् (hán)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हा
hā́
हानौ / हाना¹
hā́nau / hā́nā¹
हानः
hā́naḥ
Vocative हन्
hán
हानौ / हाना¹
hā́nau / hā́nā¹
हानः
hā́naḥ
Accusative हानम्
hā́nam
हानौ / हाना¹
hā́nau / hā́nā¹
ह्नः
hnáḥ
Instrumental ह्ना
hnā́
हभ्याम्
hábhyām
हभिः
hábhiḥ
Dative ह्ने
hné
हभ्याम्
hábhyām
हभ्यः
hábhyaḥ
Ablative ह्नः
hnáḥ
हभ्याम्
hábhyām
हभ्यः
hábhyaḥ
Genitive ह्नः
hnáḥ
ह्नोः
hnóḥ
ह्नाम्
hnā́m
Locative ह्नि / हनि / हन्¹
hní / háni / hán¹
ह्नोः
hnóḥ
हसु
hásu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ī-stem declension of घ्नी (ghnī́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative घ्नी
ghnī́
घ्न्यौ
ghnyaù
घ्न्यः / घ्नीः
ghnyàḥ / ghnī́ḥ
Vocative घ्नि
ghní
घ्न्यौ
ghnyaú
घ्न्यः
ghnyaḥ
Accusative घ्नीम्
ghnī́m
घ्न्यौ
ghnyaù
घ्नीः
ghnī́ḥ
Instrumental घ्न्या
ghnyā̀
घ्नीभ्याम्
ghnī́bhyām
घ्नीभिः
ghnī́bhiḥ
Dative घ्न्यै
ghnyaì
घ्नीभ्याम्
ghnī́bhyām
घ्नीभ्यः
ghnī́bhyaḥ
Ablative घ्न्याः
ghnyā̀ḥ
घ्नाभ्याम्
ghnā́bhyām
घ्नीभ्यः
ghnī́bhyaḥ
Genitive घ्न्याः
ghnyā̀ḥ
घ्नीभ्याम्
ghnī́bhyām
घ्नीनाम्
ghnī́nām
Locative घ्न्याम्
ghnyā̀m
घ्न्योः
ghnyòḥ
घ्नीषु
ghnī́ṣu
Neuter an-stem declension of हन् (hán)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative
ह्नी / हनी
hnī́ / hánī
हानि / ¹ / हा¹
hā́ni / há¹ / hā́¹
Vocative हन् /
hán / há
ह्नी / हनी
hnī́ / hánī
हानि / ¹ / हा¹
hā́ni / há¹ / hā́¹
Accusative
ह्नी / हनी
hnī́ / hánī
हानि / ¹ / हा¹
hā́ni / há¹ / hā́¹
Instrumental ह्ना
hnā́
हभ्याम्
hábhyām
हभिः
hábhiḥ
Dative ह्ने
hné
हभ्याम्
hábhyām
हभ्यः
hábhyaḥ
Ablative ह्नः
hnáḥ
हभ्याम्
hábhyām
हभ्यः
hábhyaḥ
Genitive ह्नः
hnáḥ
ह्नोः
hnóḥ
ह्नाम्
hnā́m
Locative ह्नि / हनि / हन्¹
hní / háni / hán¹
ह्नोः
hnóḥ
हसु
hásu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Derived terms
  • तमोहन् (tamohán)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰan-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (to strike, hit, kill).

Root

हन् • (han)

  1. to strike, beat
  2. to kill, slay
  3. to put to death, execute
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root हन्‎ (0 c, 8 e)
Primary Verbal Forms
  • हन्ति (hánti, Present)
  • हनति (hánati, Present)
  • जिघ्नते (jighnáte, Present)
  • जिघ्नति (jighnáti, Present)
  • हनिष्यति (haniṣyáti, Future)
  • हंस्यति (haṃsyáti, Future)
  • हन्ता (hantā́, Periphrastic Future)
  • अहानीत् (áhānīt, Aorist)
  • जघान (jaghā́na, Perfect)
Secondary Forms
  • हन्यते (hanyáte, Passive)
  • अघानि (ághāni, Passive Aorist)
  • घातयति (ghātáyati, Causative)
  • अजीघनत् (ájīghanat, Causative Aorist)
  • अजीघतत् (ájīghatat, Causative Aorist)
  • जिघांसति (jíghāṃsati, Desiderative)
  • जङ्घन्ति (jáṅghanti, Intensive)
  • जङ्घन्यते (jaṅghanyate, Intensive)
  • जेघ्नीयते (jeghnīyate, Intensive)
Non-Finite Forms
  • हन्तुम् (hántum, Infinitive)
  • हन्तवे (hántave, Infinitive)
  • हन्तवै (hantavai, Infinitive)
  • हन्तोस् (hántos, Infinitive)
  • हनितुम् (hánitum, Infinitive)
  • हत्वा (hatvā́, Gerund)
  • हत्वी (hatvī́, Gerund)
  • हत्वाय (hatvā́ya, Gerund)
  • हत्य (hatya, Gerund)
  • हन्य (hanya, Gerundive)
  • हन्तव्य (hantavya, Gerundive)
  • हन्त्व (hantva, Gerundive)
  • हननीय (hananīya, Gerundive)
  • हत (hatá, Past Participle)
Derived Nominal Forms

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “हन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1287/2.
  • William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 202
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 800-1
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