كرز
Arabic
Etymology 1
See Ancient Greek κερασός (kerasós) brought to Greece through an unidentified Anatolian language; also see cherry. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ka.raz/
Noun
كَرَز • (karaz) m (collective, singulative كَرَزَة f (karaza))
Declension
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرَز karaz |
الْكَرَز al-karaz |
كَرَز karaz |
Nominative | كَرَزٌ karazun |
الْكَرَزُ al-karazu |
كَرَزُ karazu |
Accusative | كَرَزًا karazan |
الْكَرَزَ al-karaza |
كَرَزَ karaza |
Genitive | كَرَزٍ karazin |
الْكَرَزِ al-karazi |
كَرَزِ karazi |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرَزَة karaza |
الْكَرَزَة al-karaza |
كَرَزَة karazat |
Nominative | كَرَزَةٌ karazatun |
الْكَرَزَةُ al-karazatu |
كَرَزَةُ karazatu |
Accusative | كَرَزَةً karazatan |
الْكَرَزَةَ al-karazata |
كَرَزَةَ karazata |
Genitive | كَرَزَةٍ karazatin |
الْكَرَزَةِ al-karazati |
كَرَزَةِ karazati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | كَرَزَتَيْن karazatayn |
الْكَرَزَتَيْن al-karazatayn |
كَرَزَتَيْ karazatay |
Nominative | كَرَزَتَانِ karazatāni |
الْكَرَزَتَانِ al-karazatāni |
كَرَزَتَا karazatā |
Accusative | كَرَزَتَيْنِ karazatayni |
الْكَرَزَتَيْنِ al-karazatayni |
كَرَزَتَيْ karazatay |
Genitive | كَرَزَتَيْنِ karazatayni |
الْكَرَزَتَيْنِ al-karazatayni |
كَرَزَتَيْ karazatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرَزَات karazāt |
الْكَرَزَات al-karazāt |
كَرَزَات karazāt |
Nominative | كَرَزَاتٌ karazātun |
الْكَرَزَاتُ al-karazātu |
كَرَزَاتُ karazātu |
Accusative | كَرَزَاتٍ karazātin |
الْكَرَزَاتِ al-karazāti |
كَرَزَاتِ karazāti |
Genitive | كَرَزَاتٍ karazātin |
الْكَرَزَاتِ al-karazāti |
كَرَزَاتِ karazāti |
Derived terms
- كَرَزِيّ (karaziyy, “cherry-related; of cherry colour”)
- كُرَيْز (kurayz, diminutive)
- الكرز (“Alcaraz”)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Aramaic כְּרַז / ܟܪܰܙ (kraz, “to preach”), from Ancient Greek κηρύσσειν (kērússein, “to preach”).
Verb
كَرَزَ • (karaza) I, non-past يَكْرِزُ (yakrizu)
- (Christianity) to preach
- Mark 1:4, Van Dyck version
- كان يوحنا يعمد في البرية ويكرز بمعمودية التوبة لمغفرة الخطايا.
- John baptized in the wilderness, and preached the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins.
- Mark 1:4, Van Dyck version
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
karz | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
كَارِز kāriz | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَكْرُوز makrūz | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | كَرَزْتُ karaztu |
كَرَزْتَ karazta |
karaza |
كَرَزْتُمَا karaztumā |
كَرَزَا karazā |
كَرَزْنَا karaznā |
كَرَزْتُمْ karaztum |
كَرَزُوا karazū | |||
f | كَرَزْتِ karazti |
كَرَزَتْ karazat |
كَرَزَتَا karazatā |
كَرَزْتُنَّ karaztunna |
karazna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَكْرِزُ ʔakrizu |
تَكْرِزُ takrizu |
يَكْرِزُ yakrizu |
تَكْرِزَانِ takrizāni |
يَكْرِزَانِ yakrizāni |
نَكْرِزُ nakrizu |
تَكْرِزُونَ takrizūna |
يَكْرِزُونَ yakrizūna | |||
f | تَكْرِزِينَ takrizīna |
تَكْرِزُ takrizu |
تَكْرِزَانِ takrizāni |
تَكْرِزْنَ takrizna |
يَكْرِزْنَ yakrizna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَكْرِزَ ʔakriza |
تَكْرِزَ takriza |
يَكْرِزَ yakriza |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
يَكْرِزَا yakrizā |
نَكْرِزَ nakriza |
تَكْرِزُوا takrizū |
يَكْرِزُوا yakrizū | |||
f | تَكْرِزِي takrizī |
تَكْرِزَ takriza |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
تَكْرِزْنَ takrizna |
يَكْرِزْنَ yakrizna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَكْرِزْ ʔakriz |
تَكْرِزْ takriz |
يَكْرِزْ yakriz |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
يَكْرِزَا yakrizā |
نَكْرِزْ nakriz |
تَكْرِزُوا takrizū |
يَكْرِزُوا yakrizū | |||
f | تَكْرِزِي takrizī |
تَكْرِزْ takriz |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
تَكْرِزْنَ takrizna |
يَكْرِزْنَ yakrizna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِكْرِزْ ikriz |
اِكْرِزَا ikrizā |
اِكْرِزُوا ikrizū |
||||||||
f | اِكْرِزِي ikrizī |
اِكْرِزْنَ ikrizna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | كُرِزْتُ kuriztu |
كُرِزْتَ kurizta |
kuriza |
كُرِزْتُمَا kuriztumā |
كُرِزَا kurizā |
كُرِزْنَا kuriznā |
كُرِزْتُمْ kuriztum |
كُرِزُوا kurizū | |||
f | كُرِزْتِ kurizti |
كُرِزَتْ kurizat |
كُرِزَتَا kurizatā |
كُرِزْتُنَّ kuriztunna |
kurizna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُكْرَزُ ʔukrazu |
تُكْرَزُ tukrazu |
يُكْرَزُ yukrazu |
تُكْرَزَانِ tukrazāni |
يُكْرَزَانِ yukrazāni |
نُكْرَزُ nukrazu |
تُكْرَزُونَ tukrazūna |
يُكْرَزُونَ yukrazūna | |||
f | تُكْرَزِينَ tukrazīna |
تُكْرَزُ tukrazu |
تُكْرَزَانِ tukrazāni |
تُكْرَزْنَ tukrazna |
يُكْرَزْنَ yukrazna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُكْرَزَ ʔukraza |
تُكْرَزَ tukraza |
يُكْرَزَ yukraza |
تُكْرَزَا tukrazā |
يُكْرَزَا yukrazā |
نُكْرَزَ nukraza |
تُكْرَزُوا tukrazū |
يُكْرَزُوا yukrazū | |||
f | تُكْرَزِي tukrazī |
تُكْرَزَ tukraza |
تُكْرَزَا tukrazā |
تُكْرَزْنَ tukrazna |
يُكْرَزْنَ yukrazna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُكْرَزْ ʔukraz |
تُكْرَزْ tukraz |
يُكْرَزْ yukraz |
تُكْرَزَا tukrazā |
يُكْرَزَا yukrazā |
نُكْرَزْ nukraz |
تُكْرَزُوا tukrazū |
يُكْرَزُوا yukrazū | |||
f | تُكْرَزِي tukrazī |
تُكْرَزْ tukraz |
تُكْرَزَا tukrazā |
تُكْرَزْنَ tukrazna |
يُكْرَزْنَ yukrazna |
Noun
كَرْز • (karz) m (plural كِرَازَة (kirāza))
- predication, sermon, verbal noun of كَرَزَ (karaza) (form I)
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرْز karz |
الْكَرْز al-karz |
كَرْز karz |
Nominative | كَرْزٌ karzun |
الْكَرْزُ al-karzu |
كَرْزُ karzu |
Accusative | كَرْزًا karzan |
الْكَرْزَ al-karza |
كَرْزَ karza |
Genitive | كَرْزٍ karzin |
الْكَرْزِ al-karzi |
كَرْزِ karzi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | كَرْزَيْن karzayn |
الْكَرْزَيْن al-karzayn |
كَرْزَيْ karzay |
Nominative | كَرْزَانِ karzāni |
الْكَرْزَانِ al-karzāni |
كَرْزَا karzā |
Accusative | كَرْزَيْنِ karzayni |
الْكَرْزَيْنِ al-karzayni |
كَرْزَيْ karzay |
Genitive | كَرْزَيْنِ karzayni |
الْكَرْزَيْنِ al-karzayni |
كَرْزَيْ karzay |
Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كِرَازَة kirāza |
الْكِرَازَة al-kirāza |
كِرَازَة kirāzat |
Nominative | كِرَازَةٌ kirāzatun |
الْكِرَازَةُ al-kirāzatu |
كِرَازَةُ kirāzatu |
Accusative | كِرَازَةً kirāzatan |
الْكِرَازَةَ al-kirāzata |
كِرَازَةَ kirāzata |
Genitive | كِرَازَةٍ kirāzatin |
الْكِرَازَةِ al-kirāzati |
كِرَازَةِ kirāzati |
Etymology 3
Likely an Iranian loanword together with خُرْج (ḵurj, “saddlebag”), the plural of which is formed like of the present satchel name peculiarly خِرَجَة (ḵiraja), parallelled in variation by Old Armenian քուրձ (kʻurj) and խորգ (xorg, “bag, sack”); compare also كُرَاز (kurāz, “a kind of jug”), probably via Aramaic as فِلِزّ (filizz) or كَنْز (kanz), attested as Classical Syriac ܟܘܪܢܐ (kurzā), ܟܘܪܓܐ (kurgā), ܟܘܪܣܐ (kursā), ܟܘܪܣܬܐ (kursəṯā, “travel bag”). The name of a young falcon is related to Persian کره (korra, “colt, foal”), or compare also زُرَّق (zurraq, “white falcon”), but merged with the satchel name, so that moulting was understood as the falcon being put into the satchel. Bending could be equated with being bagged, is however also present in ك ر س (k-r-s).
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كُرْز kurz |
الْكُرْز al-kurz |
كُرْز kurz |
Nominative | كُرْزٌ kurzun |
الْكُرْزُ al-kurzu |
كُرْزُ kurzu |
Accusative | كُرْزًا kurzan |
الْكُرْزَ al-kurza |
كُرْزَ kurza |
Genitive | كُرْزٍ kurzin |
الْكُرْزِ al-kurzi |
كُرْزِ kurzi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | كُرْزَيْن kurzayn |
الْكُرْزَيْن al-kurzayn |
كُرْزَيْ kurzay |
Nominative | كُرْزَانِ kurzāni |
الْكُرْزَانِ al-kurzāni |
كُرْزَا kurzā |
Accusative | كُرْزَيْنِ kurzayni |
الْكُرْزَيْنِ al-kurzayni |
كُرْزَيْ kurzay |
Genitive | كُرْزَيْنِ kurzayni |
الْكُرْزَيْنِ al-kurzayni |
كُرْزَيْ kurzay |
Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كِرَزَة kiraza |
الْكِرَزَة al-kiraza |
كِرَزَة kirazat |
Nominative | كِرَزَةٌ kirazatun |
الْكِرَزَةُ al-kirazatu |
كِرَزَةُ kirazatu |
Accusative | كِرَزَةً kirazatan |
الْكِرَزَةَ al-kirazata |
كِرَزَةَ kirazata |
Genitive | كِرَزَةٍ kirazatin |
الْكِرَزَةِ al-kirazati |
كِرَزَةِ kirazati |
Noun
كُرَّز • (kurraz) m (plural كَرَارِزَة (karāriza)) (obsolete)
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كُرَّز kurraz |
الْكُرَّز al-kurraz |
كُرَّز kurraz |
Nominative | كُرَّزٌ kurrazun |
الْكُرَّزُ al-kurrazu |
كُرَّزُ kurrazu |
Accusative | كُرَّزًا kurrazan |
الْكُرَّزَ al-kurraza |
كُرَّزَ kurraza |
Genitive | كُرَّزٍ kurrazin |
الْكُرَّزِ al-kurrazi |
كُرَّزِ kurrazi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | كُرَّزَيْن kurrazayn |
الْكُرَّزَيْن al-kurrazayn |
كُرَّزَيْ kurrazay |
Nominative | كُرَّزَانِ kurrazāni |
الْكُرَّزَانِ al-kurrazāni |
كُرَّزَا kurrazā |
Accusative | كُرَّزَيْنِ kurrazayni |
الْكُرَّزَيْنِ al-kurrazayni |
كُرَّزَيْ kurrazay |
Genitive | كُرَّزَيْنِ kurrazayni |
الْكُرَّزَيْنِ al-kurrazayni |
كُرَّزَيْ kurrazay |
Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرَارِزَة karāriza |
الْكَرَارِزَة al-karāriza |
كَرَارِزَة karārizat |
Nominative | كَرَارِزَةٌ karārizatun |
الْكَرَارِزَةُ al-karārizatu |
كَرَارِزَةُ karārizatu |
Accusative | كَرَارِزَةً karārizatan |
الْكَرَارِزَةَ al-karārizata |
كَرَارِزَةَ karārizata |
Genitive | كَرَارِزَةٍ karārizatin |
الْكَرَارِزَةِ al-karārizati |
كَرَارِزَةِ karārizati |
Verb
كَرَزَ • (karaza) I, non-past يَكْرِزُ (yakrizu) (archaic)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
كُرُوز kurūz | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
كَارِز kāriz | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | كَرَزْتُ karaztu |
كَرَزْتَ karazta |
karaza |
كَرَزْتُمَا karaztumā |
كَرَزَا karazā |
كَرَزْنَا karaznā |
كَرَزْتُمْ karaztum |
كَرَزُوا karazū | |||
f | كَرَزْتِ karazti |
كَرَزَتْ karazat |
كَرَزَتَا karazatā |
كَرَزْتُنَّ karaztunna |
karazna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَكْرِزُ ʔakrizu |
تَكْرِزُ takrizu |
يَكْرِزُ yakrizu |
تَكْرِزَانِ takrizāni |
يَكْرِزَانِ yakrizāni |
نَكْرِزُ nakrizu |
تَكْرِزُونَ takrizūna |
يَكْرِزُونَ yakrizūna | |||
f | تَكْرِزِينَ takrizīna |
تَكْرِزُ takrizu |
تَكْرِزَانِ takrizāni |
تَكْرِزْنَ takrizna |
يَكْرِزْنَ yakrizna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَكْرِزَ ʔakriza |
تَكْرِزَ takriza |
يَكْرِزَ yakriza |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
يَكْرِزَا yakrizā |
نَكْرِزَ nakriza |
تَكْرِزُوا takrizū |
يَكْرِزُوا yakrizū | |||
f | تَكْرِزِي takrizī |
تَكْرِزَ takriza |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
تَكْرِزْنَ takrizna |
يَكْرِزْنَ yakrizna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَكْرِزْ ʔakriz |
تَكْرِزْ takriz |
يَكْرِزْ yakriz |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
يَكْرِزَا yakrizā |
نَكْرِزْ nakriz |
تَكْرِزُوا takrizū |
يَكْرِزُوا yakrizū | |||
f | تَكْرِزِي takrizī |
تَكْرِزْ takriz |
تَكْرِزَا takrizā |
تَكْرِزْنَ takrizna |
يَكْرِزْنَ yakrizna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِكْرِزْ ikriz |
اِكْرِزَا ikrizā |
اِكْرِزُوا ikrizū |
||||||||
f | اِكْرِزِي ikrizī |
اِكْرِزْنَ ikrizna |
Verb
كُرِّزَ • (kurriza) II, non-past يُكَرَّزُ (yukarrazu) (obsolete)
- (passive voice) to moult (of a falcon)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَكْرِيز takrīz | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُكَرَّز mukarraz | |||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | كُرِّزْتُ kurriztu |
كُرِّزْتَ kurrizta |
kurriza |
كُرِّزْتُمَا kurriztumā |
كُرِّزَا kurrizā |
كُرِّزْنَا kurriznā |
كُرِّزْتُمْ kurriztum |
كُرِّزُوا kurrizū | |||
f | كُرِّزْتِ kurrizti |
كُرِّزَتْ kurrizat |
كُرِّزَتَا kurrizatā |
كُرِّزْتُنَّ kurriztunna |
kurrizna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُكَرَّزُ ʔukarrazu |
تُكَرَّزُ tukarrazu |
يُكَرَّزُ yukarrazu |
تُكَرَّزَانِ tukarrazāni |
يُكَرَّزَانِ yukarrazāni |
نُكَرَّزُ nukarrazu |
تُكَرَّزُونَ tukarrazūna |
يُكَرَّزُونَ yukarrazūna | |||
f | تُكَرَّزِينَ tukarrazīna |
تُكَرَّزُ tukarrazu |
تُكَرَّزَانِ tukarrazāni |
تُكَرَّزْنَ tukarrazna |
يُكَرَّزْنَ yukarrazna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُكَرَّزَ ʔukarraza |
تُكَرَّزَ tukarraza |
يُكَرَّزَ yukarraza |
تُكَرَّزَا tukarrazā |
يُكَرَّزَا yukarrazā |
نُكَرَّزَ nukarraza |
تُكَرَّزُوا tukarrazū |
يُكَرَّزُوا yukarrazū | |||
f | تُكَرَّزِي tukarrazī |
تُكَرَّزَ tukarraza |
تُكَرَّزَا tukarrazā |
تُكَرَّزْنَ tukarrazna |
يُكَرَّزْنَ yukarrazna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُكَرَّزْ ʔukarraz |
تُكَرَّزْ tukarraz |
يُكَرَّزْ yukarraz |
تُكَرَّزَا tukarrazā |
يُكَرَّزَا yukarrazā |
نُكَرَّزْ nukarraz |
تُكَرَّزُوا tukarrazū |
يُكَرَّزُوا yukarrazū | |||
f | تُكَرَّزِي tukarrazī |
تُكَرَّزْ tukarraz |
تُكَرَّزَا tukarrazā |
تُكَرَّزْنَ tukarrazna |
يُكَرَّزْنَ yukarrazna |
References
- كرز on the Arabic Wikipedia.Wikipedia ar
- “krz”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “كرز”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 454
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 81–82
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “كرز”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 24
- Lagarde, Paul de (1866) Gesammelte Abhandlungen (in German), Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus, pages 57–58 Nr. 146
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “كرز”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 881
- Vollers, Karl (1896) “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 50, page 623
- Ullmann, Manfred (1959–1970) Wörterbuch der klassischen arabischen Sprache. Band I (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, pages 123–124
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “كرز”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 1094–1095