کره

See also: كره, كرة, گره, گڑھ, گرہ, and ك ر ه

Khalaj

Noun

کَره (kara, kərə) (definite accusative کَره‌نی or کَره‌نؽ, plural کَره‌لَر or کَره‌لار)

  1. Arabic spelling of kara, kərə (“butter”)

Declension
Declension of کره
singular plural
nominative کره کره‌لار
genitive کره‌ݧ کره‌لارؽݧ
dative کره‌قا کره‌لارقا
definite accusative کره‌ݧ کره‌لارؽ
locative کره‌چا کره‌لارچا
ablative کره‌دا کره‌لاردا
instrumental کره‌لا کره‌لارلا
equative کره‌وارا کره‌لاروارا
Declension of کره
singular plural
nominative کره کره‌لَر
genitive کره‌ݧ کره‌لَریݧ
dative کره‌که کره‌لَرکه
definite accusative کره‌ݧ کره‌لَری
locative کره‌چه کره‌لَرچه
ablative کره‌ده کره‌لَرده
instrumental کره‌له کره‌لَرله
equative کره‌وارا کره‌لَروارا

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian *karag. Related to Middle Armenian կարագ (karag) and Arabic كَرَج (karaj).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰä.ɾǽ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰä.ɾǽ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰä.ɾǽ]

Readings
Classical reading? kara
Dari reading? kara
Iranian reading? kare
Tajik reading? kara

Noun
Dari مسکه
Iranian Persian کره
Tajik маска

کره • (kare) (plural کره‌ها (kare-hâ))

  1. butter
    کره تازه ― kare-ye tâze ― fresh butter
  2. mouldiness, mustiness
Derived terms
adjectives
nouns
  • کره گیری (kare giri)
  • کره‌ ساز (kare sâz)
  • کره‌ سازی (kare sâzi)
Descendants
  • → Khalaj: kara

Etymology 2

From Arabic كُرَة (kura).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʊ.ɾǽ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰʊ.ɾǽ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰu.ɾǽ]

Readings
Classical reading? kura
Dari reading? kura
Iranian reading? kore
Tajik reading? kura

Noun

کره • (kore) (plural کرات (korât) or کره‌ها (kore-hâ))

  1. globe, sphere
  2. planet
    Synonym: سیاره (sayâre)
Derived terms
  • خاک‌کره (xâk-kore, “geosphere”)
  • زیست‌کره (zist-kore, “biosphere”)
  • سنگ‌کره (sang-kore, “lithosphere”)
  • نیمکره (nimkore, “hemisphere”)
  • کره زمین (kore-ye zamin, “planet earth”)

Etymology 3

From Middle Persian [script needed] (kwlk' /⁠kurrag⁠/, “colt”), from Old Iranian *kurna-ka-, a derivative of the Proto-Iranian root which gave Bakhtiari کر (kowr), Northern Kurdish kur (“boy, son”). Cognate with Northern Kurdish kurrik, Zazaki kurrî, kirrêk, kirri, kurik, kurrik, Talysh kırə, and akin to Middle Armenian քուռակ (kʻuṙak), Armenian քուռակ (kʻuṙak), քուռիկ (kʻuṙik), Aghwan 𐕣𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐕄 (kuruḳ), Georgian ქორაკი (koraḳi), კურაკი (ḳuraḳi), კურატი (ḳuraṭi), კურიჰკაჲ (ḳurihḳay), კურიკაჲ (ḳuriḳay), კურია (ḳuria), ქვირანაჸი (kviranaʾi), ქვირა (kvira), კურო (ḳuro), Arabic كُرَّج (kurraj), Iranian borrowings.

Ultimately perhaps inherited from Proto-Indo-European and cognate with Hittite [script needed] (kurka-, “foal, colt”), Hesychian Ancient Greek κύρνος (kúrnos, “bastard son”).

Pronunciation
کره خر (korra xar, “donkey foal”)
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʊr.rǽ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰʊr.rǽ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰur.rǽ]

Readings
Classical reading? kurra
Dari reading? kurra
Iranian reading? korre
Tajik reading? kurra

Noun

کره • (korre) (plural کره‌ها (korre-hâ))

  1. colt, foal
Derived terms
  • کره اسب (korre asb)

References
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “քուռակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 594
  • Bielmeier, Roland (1993) “Das Alanische bei Tzetzes”, in W. Skalmowski and A. van Tongerloo, editors, Medioiranica: Proceedings of the International Colloquium organized by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven from the 21st to 23rd of May 1990 (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 14–15, footnote 15
  • Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 375
  • Puhvel, Jaan (1997) “kurka-”, in Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 14), volume 4, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 267–268

Etymology 4

From Arabic كَرْه (karh).

Pronunciation
 

Readings
Classical reading? karh
Dari reading? karh
Iranian reading? karh
Tajik reading? karh

Noun

کره • (karh)

  1. aversion, dislike
    Synonyms: بیمیلی (bi-meyli), اکراه (ekrâh)
  • کرهاً (karhan, “reluctantly”)

Etymology 5

Borrowed from French Corée.

Pronunciation

Readings
Iranian reading? kore

Proper noun
Dari کوریا
Iranian Persian کره
Tajik Корея

کُرِه • (kore)

  1. (chiefly Iran) Korea (a country in East Asia, now divided in two)
Derived terms
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