شام

See also: سام

Arabic

Proper noun

شَام • (šām) m

  1. Only used in الشَّام (aš-šām)

Etymology 2

Root
ش ي م (š-y-m)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʃaː.ma/

Verb

شَامَ • (šāma) I, non-past يَشِيمُ‎ (yašīmu)

  1. to have sheathed, to have hidden, to have concealed
  2. to watch, to observe
  3. to expect, to conjecture
Conjugation

Verb

شَامَمَ or شَامَّ • (šāmma or šāmama) III, non-past يُشَامُّ or يُشَامِمُ‎ (yušāmmu or yušāmimu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Conjugation

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “شام”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 473
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “شام”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1634
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شام”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 690

Burushaski

Etymology

Borrowed from Urdu شام (śām), from Classical Persian شَام (šām).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɕaːm]

Noun

شام (śaam)

  1. evening

References

  • Bechtholdt, Astrid (2024) “shaam”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary) (in Burushaski), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017:(in Latin script).

Gujarati

Noun

شام • (śām) f (Lisan ud-Dawat)

  1. Arabic spelling of શામ (śām)

Noun

شام • (śām) m (Lisan ud-Dawat)

  1. Arabic spelling of શામ (śām)

Proper noun

شام • (śām) m (Lisan ud-Dawat)

  1. Arabic spelling of શામ (śām)

Khalaj

Noun

شام (şâm) (definite accusative شامؽ, plural شاملار)

  1. Arabic spelling of şâm (evening, supper)

Declension

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Arabic شَام (Šām, Syria, Damascus).

Proper noun

شام • (Şâm)

  1. Damascus (the capital of Syria)
  2. (historical) Syria (an eyalet in the Ottoman Empire)
  3. (historical) Syria (a vilayet in the Ottoman Empire)
Synonyms
Descendants
  • Turkish: Şam

Etymology 2

From Persian شام (šâm).

Noun

شام • (şâm)

  1. evening
  2. night
Descendants

References

  • Mallouf, Nassif (1856) “Damas”, in Dictionnaire français-turc, 2nd edition, Paris: Maisonneuve, page 146
  • Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Şâm”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 711

Persian

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? šām
Dari reading? šām
Iranian reading? šâm
Tajik reading? šom

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *xšáfnyah.

Noun

Dari شام
Iranian Persian
Tajik шом

شام • (šâm)

  1. dinner, supper
    برای شام چی داریم؟ (more literary)barâ-ye šâm či dârim?What do we have for dinner?
    شام چی داریم؟ (more colloquial)šâm či dârim?What do we have for dinner?
  2. (archaic) dusk
  3. (archaic) evening
    Synonym: عصر ('asr)
Descendants

Etymology 2

From Arabic شَام (šām).

Proper noun

Dari شام
Iranian Persian
Tajik Шом

شام • (šâm)

  1. Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia)
  2. Damascus (the capital city of Syria)
    Synonym: دمشق (damešq)
Descendants

Soqotri

Alternative forms

  • شهام (šhɛm)

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *šim-. Akin to Mehri [script needed] (hemm), Shehri [script needed] (šum).

Noun

شام (šɛm) m (dual شامي (šɛ́mi), plural شاهم (šóhom))

  1. name
    • 2014, “A Merciful Woman and Diheko”, in Vitaly Naumkin, compiler, Corpus of Soqotri Oral Literature, volume 1, page 144, line 5:
      ويهاه ملاك وميه شام دحاكو.
      wa-yhe maľák wa-məy šɛm diḥéko
      He was an angel, and his name was Diheko.

References

  • Naumkin, Vitaly, et al. (2014) “Glossary”, in Corpus of Soqotri Oral Literature, volume 1, Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 660
  • Naumkin, Vitaly, et al. (2018) “Glossary”, in Corpus of Soqotri Oral Literature, volume 2, Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 593
  • Leslau, Wolf (1938) “šem”, in Lexique Soqotri (sudarabique moderne) avec comparaisons et explications étymologiques (in French), Wiesbaden: Libraire C. Klincksieck, page 418

Urdu

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃɑːm/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑːm

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām).

Noun

شام • (śām) f (Hindi spelling शाम)

  1. evening, night
Declension
Declension of شام
singular plural
direct شام (śām) شامیں (śāmẽ)
oblique شام (śām) شاموں (śāmõ)
vocative شام (śām) شامو (śāmo)

References

  • شام”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • شام”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian شام (šām, Greater Syria; Levant), from Arabic الشَّام (aš-šām, Levant; Damascus).

Proper noun

شام • (śām) m (Hindi spelling शाम)

  1. Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
  2. (by extension) Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)

See also

Uyghur

Other scripts
Perso-Arabic شام
Latin Sham
Cyrillic Шам

Etymology

From Arabic الشَّام (aš-šām).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʃɑm/

Proper noun

شام • (sham) (plural شاملار (shamlar))

  1. Damascus (the capital city of Syria)
  2. Greater Syria, the Levant (a region of Western Asia, in the Middle East)
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