روشن

From Persian روزن (rowzan), روزنه (rowzane).

• IPA^(key): /roːʃən/

روشن (rōšan) m (plural رواشن (rwāšin))

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Inherited from Middle Persian lwšn' (rōšn, “light; bright, light”) or derived from Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬀 (raoxšna), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂ (“moon”). Doublet of رخشان (raxšân, “bright”) and لوخن (loxan, “moon, moonlight”).

Cognates include Latin lūna, Armenian լուսին (lusin), Old Church Slavonic лоуна (luna).

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روشن • (rowšan) (comparative روشن‌تَر (rowšan-tar), superlative روشن‌تَرین (rowšan-tarin))

1. light
2. lit
3. alight
4. bright
5. clear
6. on

• خاموش (xâmuš)

• روشن کردن (rowšan kardan)
• روشنی (rowšani)

• → Bengali: রওশন (roōśon)
• → Gujarati: રોશન (rośan)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: रौशन (rauśan)
  • Urdu: روشن (rauśan, rośan)
• → Middle Armenian: ռօշան (ṙōšan)
• → Punjabi: rauśan, rośan

  Gurmukhi: ਰੋਸ਼ਨ

  Shahmukhi: روشن

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “rōšn”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 72.
• Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 420

Borrowed from Classical Persian روشن (rawšan).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɾɔː.ʃən/, /ɾoː.ʃən/

رَوشَن or روشَن • (rauśan or rośan) (Hindi spelling रौशन or रोशन)

1. bright, shining, luminous
2. illuminated; lit, alight
3. manifest, evident, clear
4. splendid; good
5. enlightened

• رَوشَن گَر (rauśan gar, “illuminator”)
• رَوشَن دِل (rauśan dil, “enlightened heart”)

• رَوشَنی (rauśanī)

• “روشن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “روشن”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “روشن”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “روشن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.